Jaruman Caribbean: Jamaica

by Mark J. Spalding, shugaban kungiyar Ocean Foundation

A yawancin tafiye-tafiye na ina ganin ina yin karin lokaci tare da mutane masu ban sha'awa a cikin ɗakunan taro marasa taga fiye da ruwa ko a wurare daban-daban inda mutanen da suka damu da aikin teku. Tafiya ta ƙarshe ta Afrilu ta kasance banda. Na yi sa'a don zama tare da mutanen garin Discovery Bay Marine Laboratory, wanda ke da kusan awa daya daga filin jirgin saman Montego Bay na Jamaica. 

Lab ɗin kayan aiki ne na Jami'ar West Indies kuma yana aiki a ƙarƙashin kulawar Cibiyar Kimiyyar Ruwa, wacce kuma ke ɗaukar Cibiyar Bayar da Bayanai ta Caribbean Coastal. Discovery Bay Marine Lab an sadaukar da shi ga duka bincike da ilimantar da ɗalibai a cikin ilmin halitta, ilimin halitta, ilimin ƙasa, ilimin ruwa, da sauran kimiyyar. Baya ga dakunan gwaje-gwajensa, jiragen ruwa, da sauran wurare, Discovery Bay gida ne kawai ga ɗakin hyperbaric kawai a tsibirin-kayan aikin da ke taimaka wa masu ruwa da tsaki su warke daga cutar rashin ƙarfi (wanda aka fi sani da “bends”).   

Daga cikin manufofin Binciken Marine Lab shine aikace-aikacen bincike don ingantacciyar gudanarwa na yankin gabar tekun Jamaica. Ruwan ruwa na Jamaica da ruwa na kusa da teku suna fuskantar matsananciyar matsin kamun kifi. A sakamakon haka, akwai ƙananan wuraren da za a iya samun girma, mafi girma, mafi daraja. Ba wai kawai dole ne a yi ƙoƙari don gano wuraren ajiyar ruwa da tsare-tsaren gudanarwa masu ƙarfi za su iya taimakawa tsarin rafin Jamaica murmurewa ba, har ma da batun lafiyar ɗan adam dole ne a magance shi. A cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, an sami ƙarin lokuta na rashin lafiya a cikin masunta na ruwa masu 'yanci yayin da suke ciyar da lokaci mai yawa a karkashin ruwa a zurfin zurfi don rama ƙarancin kifin ruwa mara zurfi, lobster, da conch - mafi yawan kamun kifi na gargajiya. wanda ya tallafa wa al'umma. 

A lokacin ziyarar ta, na sadu da Dr. Dayne Buddo kwararre kan halittun ruwa a cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan 'yan gudun hijira na Marine Invasive Alien Species, Camilo Trench, Babban Jami'in Kimiyya, da Denise Henry Masanin Halittar Muhalli. A halin yanzu ita ce Jami'ar Kimiyya a DBML, tana aiki a kan Aikin Maido da Seagrass. Baya ga cikakken zagayawa na wuraren da muka shafe lokaci muna magana game da carbon blue da ayyukan mangrove da ciyawa na teku. Ni da Denise mun yi tattaunawa mai kyau musamman kwatanta namu SeaGrass Girma hanyoyin da wadanda take gwadawa a Jamaica. Mun kuma yi magana game da irin nasarorin da suke samu wajen girbin Kifin Zakin da ke mamayewa daga yankunansu. Kuma, na koyi game da gandun daji na murjani da shirye-shiryen yin gyaran murjani da kuma yadda yake da alaƙa da buƙatar rage magudanar ruwa da zubar da ruwa mai gina jiki da kuma babban abin da ke tattare da kifin. A Jamaica, kamun kifi suna tallafawa masunta masu sana'a kusan 20,000, amma waɗannan masunta na iya rasa abin da za su ci saboda yadda teku ta lalace.

Sakamakon rashin kifin yana haifar da rashin daidaituwar yanayin muhalli wanda ke haifar da rinjayen mafarauta na murjani. Abin baƙin ciki, kamar yadda sababbin abokanmu na DBML suka sani, don mayar da murjani reefs za su buƙaci kifaye masu yawa da lobsters, a cikin yankunan da ba za a iya ɗaukar su ba; wani abu da zai dauki lokaci don cim ma a Jamaica. Dukkanmu muna sa ido akan nasarar Bluefields Bay, babban yankin da ba a ɗauka a gefen yammacin tsibirin, wanda da alama yana taimakawa biomass murmurewa. Kusa da DBML shine Oracabessa Bay sanctuary, wanda muka ziyarta. Yana da ƙarami, kuma 'yan shekaru ne kawai. Don haka akwai abubuwa da yawa da za a yi. A halin yanzu, abokin aikinmu Austin Bowden-Kerby, Babban Masanin Kimiyya a Counterpart International, ya ce jama'ar Jamaica suna buƙatar tattara "gutuwa daga 'yan tsirarun murjani da suka tsira daga annobar cutar da kuma abubuwan da suka faru na bleaching (sune taska na kwayoyin halitta wanda ya dace da canjin yanayi), kuma sannan ku noma su a cikin gandun daji - raya su da kyau don sake dasawa.”

Na ga irin aikin da ake yi a kan igiyar takalmi, da kuma nawa ne ake buƙatar a yi don taimakawa jama'ar Jamaica da albarkatun ruwa da tattalin arzikinsu ya dogara da su. Kullum yana da ban sha'awa don ciyar da lokaci tare da mutane masu sadaukarwa kamar mutanen da ke Cibiyar Binciken Ruwa na Discovery Bay a Jamaica.

ta karshe: Za'a Kafa Karin Wuraren Kifi Hudu via Sabis na Bayanai na Jamaika, Bari 9, 2015

Kiredit na Hoto: Laboratory Bay Marine Laboratory, MJC Crabbe ta Marine Photobank