Sirrin Teku

Teku yana da sirri.

Na yi sa'a sosai don yin aiki a fannin kiwon lafiyar teku. Na girma a wani ƙauyen Ingilishi na bakin teku, kuma na daɗe ina kallon teku, ina mamakin asirinsa. Yanzu ina aiki don adana su.

Teku, kamar yadda muka sani, yana da mahimmanci ga duk rayuwar da ta dogara da iskar oxygen, ni da kai mun haɗa! Amma rayuwa kuma tana da mahimmanci ga teku. Teku yana samar da iskar oxygen da yawa saboda tsire-tsire na teku. Wadannan tsire-tsire suna zana carbon dioxide (CO2), iskar gas, kuma suna canza shi zuwa sukari na tushen carbon da oxygen. Jaruman canjin yanayi ne! A yanzu an san rawar da rayuwar teku ke takawa wajen rage sauyin yanayi, har ma da kalmar: carbon carbon. Amma akwai wani sirri… Tsirrai na Tekun suna iya faɗuwa da yawa CO2 kamar yadda suke yi, kuma tekuna ba za su iya adana yawan carbon kamar yadda suke yi ba, saboda dabbobin teku.

A watan Afrilu, a tsibirin Tonga na Pacific, na sami damar gabatar da wannan sirrin a taron "Whales in a Changing Ocean". A yawancin tsibiran Pasifik, whales suna tallafawa bunƙasa tattalin arzikin yawon buɗe ido, kuma suna da mahimmanci a al'adu. Duk da yake muna da damuwa game da tasirin sauyin yanayi a kan whales, muna kuma bukatar mu gane cewa whales na iya zama babban abokin tarayya a yaki da sauyin yanayi! Ta hanyar nutsewarsu mai zurfi, ɗimbin ƙaura, tsawon rayuwa, da manyan jikkuna, whales suna da babbar rawa a cikin wannan sirrin teku.

Na farko a duniya "jami'an diflomasiyyar whale poo"a Tonga, inganta darajar kifayen kifayen lafiya don rage sauyin yanayi a duniya. LR: Phil Kline, The Ocean Foundation, Angela Martin, Blue Climate Solutions, Steven Lutz, GRID-Arendal.

Whales duka suna ba da damar shuke-shuken teku don zana CO2, kuma suna taimakawa wajen adana carbon a cikin teku. Na farko, suna samar da muhimman abubuwan gina jiki waɗanda ke ba da damar tsirran teku su yi girma. Whale poop taki ne, yana kawo abubuwan gina jiki daga zurfafa, inda whales ke ciyarwa, zuwa saman, inda tsire-tsire ke buƙatar waɗannan abubuwan gina jiki don photosynthesis. Har ila yau, Whales masu ƙaura suna kawo abubuwan gina jiki tare da su daga wuraren ciyarwa masu amfani sosai, kuma suna sakin su a cikin ruwa mai ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki na wuraren kiwo na whales, yana haɓaka haɓakar tsire-tsire na teku a fadin teku.

Na biyu, Whales suna ajiye carbon a kulle a cikin teku, daga sararin samaniya, inda in ba haka ba zai iya taimakawa wajen sauyin yanayi. Ƙananan shuke-shuken teku suna samar da sukari na tushen carbon, amma suna da ɗan gajeren rayuwa, don haka ba za su iya adana carbon ba. Lokacin da suka mutu, yawancin wannan carbon yana fitowa a cikin ruwa mai zurfi, kuma ana iya canza shi zuwa CO2. Whales, a daya bangaren, na iya rayuwa sama da karni guda, suna ciyar da sarkar abinci da ke farawa da sikari a cikin wadannan kananan tsiro, kuma suna tara carbon a cikin manya-manyan jikinsu. Lokacin da Whales suka mutu, zurfin teku rayuwa tana ciyar da ragowar su, kuma carbon da aka adana a baya a jikin whales zai iya shiga cikin sediments. Lokacin da carbon ya kai zurfin ruwa mai zurfi, an kulle shi sosai, don haka ba zai iya fitar da canjin yanayi ba. Wannan carbon yana da wuya ya dawo azaman CO2 a cikin yanayi, mai yuwuwar shekaru millennia.

Shin kare kifin kifi zai iya zama wani ɓangare na maganin sauyin yanayi? Hoto: Sylke Rohrlach, Flicker

Tunda tsibiran Pasifik suna ba da wani ɗan ƙaramin juzu'i ga hayaƙin iskar gas wanda ke haifar da canjin yanayi - ƙasa da rabin 1%, don gwamnatocin Tsibirin Pacific, tabbatar da walwala da gudummawa ga yanayin yanayin da whales ke bayarwa azaman iskar carbon aiki ne mai amfani wanda zai iya zama mai aiki da gaske. zai iya taimakawa wajen magance barazanar sauyin yanayi ga mutanen tsibirin Pacific, al'adu da ƙasa. Wasu a yanzu suna ganin damar da za su haɗa da kiyaye kifin kifi a cikin gudummawar da suke bayarwa ga Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Sauyin yanayi ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNFCCC), da tallafawa cimma burin ci gaba mai dorewa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (SDGs), duka na albarkatun teku (SDG 14), da don mataki kan sauyin yanayi (SDG 13).

Humpback Whales a Tonga na fuskantar barazana daga sauyin yanayi, amma kuma na iya taimakawa wajen rage tasirin sauyin yanayi. Hoto: Roderick Eime, Flicker

Kasashen tsibirin Pacific da dama sun kasance jagororin kiyaye kifin kifi, bayan da suka ayyana wuraren tsaftar kifin a cikin ruwansu. A kowace shekara, manyan kifin kifi na humpback suna zamantakewa, suna haifuwa, da haihuwa a cikin ruwan tsibirin Pacific. Wadannan whales suna amfani da hanyoyin ƙaura ta cikin manyan tekuna, inda ba su da kariya, don isa wuraren ciyar da su a Antarctica. Anan za su iya yin gasa don tushen abincinsu na farko, krill, tare da tasoshin kamun kifi. An fi amfani da krill Antarctic a cikin abincin dabbobi ( kiwo, dabbobi, dabbobin gida) da kuma cin abincin kifi.

Tare da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a wannan makon da ke karbar bakuncin taron farko na Teku kan SDG 14, da tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na samar da yarjejeniyar doka kan bambancin halittu a cikin manyan tekuna da ke gudana, Ina fatan tallafawa tsibiran Pacific don cimma burinsu na gane, fahimta, da kuma tabbatar da tsaro. rawar da Whales ke takawa wajen rage sauyin yanayi. Fa'idodin wannan jagoranci ga duka whales da ƴan tsibiri na Pacific za su kai ga rayuwar ɗan adam da na teku a duniya.

Amma sirrin teku ya yi zurfi sosai. Ba wai kawai whales ba!

Ƙarin bincike yana haɗa rayuwar teku zuwa tsarin kama carbon da tsarin ajiya waɗanda ke da mahimmanci ga magudanar ruwa, da kuma rayuwa a ƙasa don tinkarar sauyin yanayi. Kifi, kunkuru, sharks, har da kaguwa! Duk suna da matsayi a cikin wannan haɗaɗɗiyar haɗin kai, sirrin teku da ba a san shi ba. Da kyar muka kakkabe saman.

Hanyoyi takwas ta hanyar da dabbobin teku ke tallafawa bututun carbon na teku. zane daga Carbon Kifi rahoton (Lutz da Martin 2014).

Angela Martin, Jagoran Aikin, Maganin Yanayi na Blue

Marubucin yana so ya amince da Fonds Pacifique da Curtis da Edith Munson Foundation don ba da damar samar da rahoton kan tsibirin tekun Pacific da canjin yanayi, kuma, tare da GEF / UNEP Blue Forests Project, yana tallafawa halartar Whales a cikin Tekun Canji. taro.

Hanyoyi masu amfani:
Lutu, S.; Martin, A. Carbon Kifi: Binciko Sabis na Carbon Katin Vertebrate Marine. 2014. GRID-Arendal
Martin, A; Mara Takalmi N. Whales a Canjin Yanayi. 2017. SPREP
www.bluecsolutions.org