Puny Plastic, Matsalar Duniya

Matsayin Tekunmu na 2016 #1:
Mu Daina Karuwa Zuwa Matsala

Shekarar 2015 ta kawo wasu nasarori don makomar dangantakarmu da teku. Yanzu muna duban 2016 a matsayin lokacin da dukkanmu muka fara wuce waɗancan ƴan jaridu da kuma aiwatar da aikin. Za mu iya kiran su namu Sharuɗɗan Sabuwar Shekara don Teku. 

Idan ya zo ga tarkacen ruwa, ba za mu iya motsawa cikin sauri ba, amma dole ne mu gwada. Godiya ga aiki tukuru na kungiyoyi da yawa ciki har da Hadin Kan Gurbacewar Filastik, 5 Gishiri, Da kuma Surfrider Foundation, Majalisar Dokokin Amurka da Majalisar Dattijai kowannensu ya zartar da dokar hana siyar da kayayyakin da ke dauke da microbeads. Kamfanoni da yawa, irin su L'Oreal, Johnson & Johnson, da Procter & Gamble, sun riga sun ba da sanarwar lokacin fita daga microbeads a cikin layin samfuran su, don haka a wasu hanyoyi, wannan doka ta sa ta zama ta al'ada.

"Menene microbead?" Kuna iya tambaya. "Kuma menene bambanci tsakanin microbeads da microplastics?" Microbeads farko.

Microbeads ƙananan ƙananan filastik ne waɗanda ake amfani da su azaman exfoliates fata a cikin nau'ikan kayan kula da fata da gashi. Da zarar an wanke su, sai su sha ruwa a cikin magudanar ruwa, ba su da yawa ba za a tace su ba, kuma a sakamakon haka sai su wanke tafkuna da teku. A can, suna jiƙa guba kuma idan kifi ko kifi sun cinye su, suna barin waɗannan gubar su shiga cikin kifin da kifi, kuma a ƙarshe ga dabbobi da mutane masu cin abincin kifi. Bugu da kari, robobin na iya taruwa a cikin cikin dabbobin ruwa, wanda hakan zai yi musu wahala wajen samun sinadaran da suke bukata. Ƙasashen waje "Buga Microbead" Kamfen ya tattara kungiyoyi 79 a cikin kasashe 35 don yin aiki don hana haramtattun kayayyaki da ke haifar da kurkura daga microbeads. Yaƙin neman zaɓe ya haɓaka ƙa'idar don taimaka muku zaɓi samfuran da ba su da ƙarancin microbead.

Kuma microplastics? Microplastics shine kama-duk lokaci don guntun filastik ƙasa da 5 mm a diamita. Ko da yake kalmar ba ta daɗe ba, kasancewar ƙananan ƙwayoyin filastik a ko'ina cikin teku an san shi na ɗan lokaci. Akwai tushen asali guda huɗu na waɗannan microplastics-1) microbeads da aka samo a cikin samfuran sirri da tsaftacewa kamar yadda aka ambata a sama; 2) lalacewar manyan tarkacen filastik, gabaɗaya daga tushen ƙasa; 3) zubar da pellets da sauran kayan da ake amfani da su don kera kayan filastik daga jirgi ko masana'anta a cikin hanyar ruwa. da 4) daga sludge na najasa da sauran sharar da suka mamaye.

Dukkanmu muna koyan cewa tuni akwai robobi masu yawa a cikin teku kuma matsalar ta fi ko'ina fiye da yadda muka sani. A wasu matakan, matsala ce babba. Dole ne mu fara wani wuri-kuma wuri na farko shine rigakafi.  

Haramcin microbead farawa ne mai kyau-kuma muna roƙon ku da ku hana su daga gidan ku yanzu. Haka kuma nisantar robobin amfani guda ɗaya, kamar su bambaro ko kayan azurfa. Kamfen guda ɗaya, Bambaro ta Ƙarshe, yana ba da shawarar ku nemi gidajen cin abinci da kuka fi so don samar da abubuwan sha ba tare da bambaro ba sai dai idan an tambaye ku, samar da bambaro mai lalacewa, ko ba da su gaba ɗaya. Garuruwa irin su Miami Beach sun yi haka.  

A ƙarshe, ku tallafa wa ƙoƙarin inganta sharar gida a cikin al'ummarku don kada robobi ya tashi a cikin magudanar ruwa. Mummunan ambaliya na baya-bayan nan da mummunan yanayi a Kudancin Amurka, tsakiyar Amurka, Burtaniya, da tsakiyar Turai sun haifar da asarar rayuka, ƙauracewa al'umma, da cutarwa ga wuraren tarihi da tattalin arziki. Kuma, abin baƙin ciki, wani ɓangare na ci gaba da farashi zai kasance tarkace da ke wanke cikin ruwa, ciki har da dubban kwalabe na filastik. Yayin da yanayin yanayi ke canzawa da canzawa, kuma abubuwan ambaliya suna karuwa akai-akai, makasudin shine mu tabbatar da kariya daga ambaliya kuma kayan aiki ne na kiyaye filastik daga magudanar ruwa.

Hoto 1: Joe Dowling, Sustainable Coastlines/Marine Photobank
Hoto 2: Dieter Tracey/Marine Photobank
Hoto 3: Ladabi na Beat the Microbead
Hoto na 4: Ladabi na Bambarar Filastik ta Ƙarshe