Rayuwar Teku na iya Taimakawa Rage Canjin Yanayi: Sabon Nazari

Dabbobi masu rai suna adana carbon. Idan ka ɗauki kifi daga cikin teku, ka ci, to, kifin da ke cikin wannan kifin ya ɓace daga cikin teku. Carbon Oceanic blue yana nufin hanyoyin dabi'a waɗanda vertebrates na ruwa (ba kawai kifaye ba) zasu iya taimakawa tarko da lalata carbon, mai yuwuwar rage tasirin sauyin yanayi.

A cikin teku, carbon yana gudana ta gidan yanar gizon abinci. An fara gyara shi ta hanyar photosynthesis ta phytoplankton a saman. Ta hanyar amfani, ana canja wurin carbon ɗin kuma a adana shi a cikin jikin tsiro-cin rayuwar ruwa kamar krill. Ta hanyar tsinkaya, carbon yana taruwa a cikin manyan kasusuwan ruwa kamar sardines, sharks, da whales.

Whales suna tara carbon a jikinsu tsawon rayuwarsu, wasu daga cikinsu sun kai shekaru 200. Lokacin da suka mutu, suna nutsewa zuwa kasan teku, suna ɗaukar carbon tare da su. Bincike ya nuna cewa kowane babban kifayen kifaye yana yin kusan ton 33 na carbon dioxide akan matsakaita. Itace a cikin wannan lokacin kawai tana ba da gudummawar kusan kashi 3 cikin ɗari na iskar carbon na whale.

Sauran vertebrates na ruwa suna adana ƙananan adadin carbon don ɗan gajeren lokaci. An san jimillar ƙarfin ajiyar su da “biomass carbon”. Kare da haɓaka shagunan carbon shuɗi na teku a cikin dabbobin ruwa na iya haifar da kiyayewa da fa'idodin rage sauyin yanayi.

Kwanan nan an gudanar da wani bincike na gwaji a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa (UAE) don taimakawa wajen fahimtar yuwuwar yuwuwar carbon shudin ruwan teku wajen tinkarar kalubalen sauyin yanayi a duniya da kuma tallafawa masu dorewar kamun kifi da manufofin ruwa.

Abu-Dhabi Global Environmental Data Initiative (AGEDI) ne ya ba da umarnin aikin matukin jirgi na UAE, kuma yana tallafawa tare da haɗin gwiwa daga Blue Climate Solutions, aikin na The Ocean Foundation, da Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNEP) ta hanyar GRID-Arendal, wanda ke aiwatarwa da aiwatar da Ayyukan Muhalli na Duniya na Blue Forest.

Binciken ya yi amfani da bayanan da ake da su da hanyoyin don ƙididdigewa da tantance ƙarfin kifaye, cetaceans, dugongs, kunkuru na teku, da tsuntsayen teku da ke zaune a wani yanki na yanayin ruwa na UAE don adanawa da sarrafa carbon.

"Binciken yana wakiltar farkon binciken binciken carbon na teku na teku da kuma kimanta manufofin a matakin ƙasa kuma zai ba da damar manufofin da suka dace da hukumomin gudanarwa a cikin UAE don kimanta zaɓuɓɓuka don yuwuwar aiwatar da manufofin carbon blue na teku a matakin gida da na ƙasa," in ji shi. Ahmed Abdulmuttaleb Baharoon, Daraktan riko na AGEDI. Ya kara da cewa, "Wannan aikin yana da karfin amincewa da yuwuwar kiyayewa da kuma kula da rayuwar ruwa mai dorewa don a gane shi a matsayin muhimmin bayani na tushen yanayi ga kalubalen yanayin duniya," in ji shi.

Biomass carbon yana daya daga cikin Hanyoyi tara da aka gano tekun blue blue hanyoyin Ta haka ne marine vertebrates na marine za su iya yin sulhu a cikin ajiyar carbon da sequestration.

UAE oceanic blue carbon duba

Burin ɗaya daga cikin binciken na UAE shine kimanta shagunan kayayyakin kayayyakin ruwa na ruwa tare da mai da hankali kan masarautan Abu Dhabi, wanda yawancin bayanan da aka rigaya aka samu.

An tantance yuwuwar ajiyar carbon biomass ta hanyoyi biyu. Na farko, an kiyasta yuwuwar ajiyar carbon da aka yi hasarar ta hanyar nazarin bayanan kama kifi. Na biyu, yuwuwar ajiyar carbon carbon bioomass na halin yanzu (watau hajojin daskararren carbon biomass) ga dabbobi masu shayarwa ruwa, kunkuru na teku da tsuntsayen teku an kiyasta ta hanyar nazarin bayanai masu yawa. Saboda karancin bayanai kan yawan kifin a lokacin bincike, an cire kifin daga kididdigar kididdigar da ke tattare da iskar carbon, amma ya kamata a saka wadannan bayanan a cikin binciken da za a yi a nan gaba.

Binciken ya yi kiyasin cewa a cikin shekarar 2018, tan 532 na yuwuwar ajiyar carbon da aka yi hasashe sakamakon kamun kifi. Wannan kusan yayi daidai da kiyasin tan 520 na biomass carbon tsaye na dabbobi masu shayarwa ruwa, kunkuru, da tsuntsayen teku a masarautar Abu Dhabi.

Wannan haja mai tsayayyen carbon biomass ta ƙunshi dugongs (51%), kunkuru na ruwa (24%), dolphins (19%), da tsuntsayen teku (6%). Daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan 66 da aka bincika (nau'in kamun kifi 53, nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa ruwa guda uku, nau'in kunkuru na teku biyu, da nau'in tsuntsayen teku guda takwas) a cikin wannan binciken, takwas (12%) suna da matsayin kiyayewa na rauni ko sama.

Heidi Pearson, kwararre a fannin dabbobi masu shayarwa, ya ce "Biomass carbon - da kuma carbon blue baki daya - daya ne daga cikin hidimomin halittu da yawa da wadannan nau'ikan ke bayarwa don haka bai kamata a kalli su kadai ba ko a matsayin maye gurbin wasu dabarun kiyayewa," in ji Heidi Pearson, kwararre kan dabbobi masu shayarwa a cikin teku. Jami'ar Alaska Kudu maso Gabas kuma marubucin marubucin binciken biomass carbon. 

Ta kara da cewa, "Kare da haɓaka shagunan kayayyun halittun ruwa na ruwa na iya zama ɗaya daga cikin dabaru da yawa don tsare-tsaren kiyayewa da rage sauyin yanayi a cikin UAE," in ji ta.

"Sakamakon ya tabbatar da babban darajar muhalli na whales da sauran rayuwar ruwa don taimakawa rage yanayi," in ji Mark Spalding, Shugaban Gidauniyar The Ocean. Ya kara da cewa "Yana da matukar muhimmanci al'ummar duniya su dauki wannan shaida a matsayin wani bangare na kokarin da suke yi na gudanarwa da farfado da rayuwar ruwa da kuma magance sauyin yanayi a duniya," in ji shi.

Ƙididdigar manufofin manufofin tekun blue

Wani makasudin aikin shi ne na gano yuwuwar iskar carbon shudin ruwan teku a matsayin kayan aiki don tallafawa ci gaba da sarrafa albarkatun ruwa da yaki da sauyin yanayi.

Har ila yau, binciken ya yi nazari kan masu ruwa da tsaki na muhalli na gabar teku da na ruwa guda 28, don tantance ilimi, halaye, da kuma ra'ayoyin da ke tattare da manufar carbon blue blue da kuma yadda ya dace da manufofi. Ƙididdigar manufofin ta gano cewa aiwatar da manufofin carbon blue na teku yana da mahimmancin manufofin da suka shafi sauyin yanayi, kiyaye nau'o'in halittu, da kula da kamun kifi a cikin ƙasa, yanki, da kuma duniya.

"Yawancin mahalarta binciken sun yarda cewa ya kamata a kara fahimtar darajar carbon blue na duniya kuma ya kamata a sanya shi cikin dabarun kiyayewa da rage sauyin yanayi" in ji Steven Lutz, kwararre na carbon carbon a GRID-Arendal kuma jagora. marubucin kima manufofin. Ya kara da cewa "Duk da cewa wajibi ne a rage fitar da iskar Carbon, wannan bincike ya tabbatar da cewa kiyaye ruwa a matsayin dabarun magance sauyin yanayi mai yiwuwa ne, kuma za a samu karbuwa sosai kuma yana da matukar tasiri."

"Wadannan binciken sune irinsu na farko a duniya kuma suna ba da gudummawa sosai ga tattaunawa game da kiyaye teku da sarrafa su a cikin mahallin rage sauyin yanayi," in ji Isabelle Vanderbeck, kwararre kan yanayin yanayin ruwa tare da Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNEP).

“Kabon ruwan shuɗi na teku na iya kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin tarin bayanai da aka yi amfani da su wajen haɓaka dabarun rage sauyin yanayi, kamun kifi mai dorewa, manufofin kiyayewa, da tsare-tsaren sararin ruwa. Wannan bincike ya daidaita gibin dake tsakanin tsarin kiyaye ruwa da manufofin sauyin yanayi kuma yana da matukar dacewa ga ayyukan tekun da ake sa ran za a tattauna a taron sauyin yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a watan Nuwamba," in ji ta.

The Shekaru Goma na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Kimiyyar Teku don Ci gaba mai dorewa (2021-2030) wanda aka shelanta a watan Disamba na 2017, zai samar da tsari na bai daya don tabbatar da cewa kimiyyar teku za ta iya ba da cikakken goyon bayan ayyukan kasashe don ci gaba da tafiyar da tekuna musamman don cimma burin 2030 na ci gaba mai dorewa.

Don ƙarin bayani, tuntuɓi Steven Lutz (GRID-Arendal): [email kariya] ko Gabriel Grimsditch (UNEP): [email kariya] ko Isabelle Vanderbeck (UNEP): [email kariya]