The Arctic: Yankin Rikici na gaba ko Haɗin kai

A wannan makon jirgin ruwa mai saukar ungulu na farko ya tashi zuwa balaguron tekun Arctic, haɗe da kanun labarai waɗanda suka ba da sanarwar mafi ƙanƙanta matakin ƙanƙarar tekun Arctic da aka rubuta a cikin shekaru 125 da suka gabata. Tafiyar ruwa na mako uku yana buƙatar babban tsalle-tsalle na dabaru a mafi kyawun lokuta - a cikin Arctic, yana buƙatar watanni na tsarawa da tuntuɓar Ma'aikatar Tsaron Tekun Amurka da sauran hukumomin gwamnati. Baya ga tasirin gurɓataccen hayaniya da sauran tasirin, jiragen ruwa ba su bayyana a matsayin batun da zai haifar da rikici na gaba yayin da ruwan Arctic ya ɗumama - amma tsammanin rikici da neman warware shi a gaba yana ɗaya daga cikin manufofin Majalisar Arctic . Na tambayi memba na Hukumarmu Bill Eichbaum wanda kwararre ne a al'amuran Arctic kuma yana da himma a cikin tsarin Majalisar Arctic don ya raba tunaninsa.

Mark J. spalding

Daga cikin mafi girman tasirin dumamar yanayi shine sauyin Arctic, gami da narkewar ƙanƙara da dusar ƙanƙara da ba a taɓa yin irinsa ba, hasarar matsuguni ga nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan halittu na duniya da kuma barazana ga yanayin rayuwar ɗan adam na ƙarni. A sa'i daya kuma, yayin da yankin Arctic ke kara samun sauki, kuma ana ci gaba da samun kishirwar albarkatun kasa a duniya, ana yin gaggawar yin amfani da albarkatun yankin.

Shahararrun 'yan jaridu sun yi sha'awar tada hankulan yiwuwar rikici tsakanin kasashe yayin da wannan sabuwar guguwar cin gajiyar albarkatun ta ke kara ta'azzara. Wadannan damuwa sun kara ta'azzara yayin da rikici ya karu tsakanin kasashen NATO da Rasha game da Ukraine da sauran batutuwan siyasa. Kuma, a zahiri, akwai misalan da yawa na ƙasashen Arctic da ke ƙara ƙarfin soja a yankunansu na Arctic.

Duk da haka, na yi imani da Arctic ba zai yiwu ya barke cikin wani sabon yanki na rikici yayin da al'ummomi ke ci gaba da bunkasa albarkatunta. Akasin haka, akwai ƴan lokuta na jayayya game da ainihin yanki tare da mafi mahimmanci waɗanda suka shafi Kanada kawai da Amurka da Denmark. Bugu da ƙari, da'awar da Rasha ta yi game da tekun Arctic na cikin ƙoƙarin mafi yawan ƙasashen Arctic na yin irin wannan da'awar. Wadannan duk suna karkashin kuduri da kuduri ne bisa tanadin yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan dokar teku. Abin mamaki ne a ce gazawar Amurka wajen shiga wannan yarjejeniya yana nufin ba za mu iya cika irin wannan iƙirari ba.

A daya hannun kuma, ko da yankin Arctic mai saukin kai zai ci gaba da zama wuri mai hadari da wahala inda ake gudanar da ayyukan tattalin arziki masu sarkakiya. Don dalilai daban-daban wannan yana nufin haɗin gwiwar gwamnati a cikin shugabanci yana da mahimmanci don samar da dandamali na irin wannan aiki don ci gaba ta hanyar da ta dace da muhalli, zamantakewa da tattalin arziki.   

Tun daga shekara ta 1996, Majalisar Arctic da ta ƙunshi ƙasashe takwas na Arctic, masu zama na dindindin da ke wakiltar 'yan asalin ƙasar, da masu sa ido sun kasance wurin haɓaka kimiyyar da ake bukata don fuskantar wannan kalubale. Karkashin jagorancin gwamnatin Amurka, a halin yanzu shugabar majalisar, wata kungiyar tawaga tana nazarin matakai masu karfi don tabbatar da cewa an aiwatar da shawarwarin majalisar. A cikin a takardar kwanan nan wanda The Polar Record I ya buga ya yi magana game da mahimman batutuwa don ƙarfafa mulkin Arctic, musamman a yanayin ruwa. A halin da ake ciki kasashen Arctic, ciki har da Rasha, suna yin kyakkyawan bincike kan zabin samun irin wannan hadin gwiwa.

A wannan lokacin rani jirgin ruwan yawon buɗe ido tare da fasinjoji sama da dubu yana tsallaka tekun arctic na Kanada, ciki har da ta teku inda wani jirgin ruwa daya bisa goma wanda girmansa ya yi kasa a baya-bayan nan, yana bukatar kwashe dukkan fasinjoji da ma'aikatan jirgin. Bayan bazara na 2012 Shell ya soke aikin binciken ruwa na gaba a cikin Tekun Bering da Chukchi biyo bayan hatsarori da matakai masu yawa, amma ci gaba yana ci gaba a wasu wurare a cikin Arctic. Har yanzu, jiragen ruwa na nesa suna tafiya zuwa arewa don neman kifi. Sai dai idan kasashen Arctic ba za su iya samar da ingantattun hanyoyin yin hadin gwiwa kan gudanar da mulkin yankin ba, to wadannan da sauran ayyukan za su zama barna a duniya kamar yadda aka yi a sauran wurare. Tare da hadin gwiwa mai karfi, za su iya zama masu dorewa ba kawai ga albarkatun kasa na yankin ba har ma da mutanen Arctic.