Kogin Yamma, Mafi Girma Coast? Ba don Starfish ba.

Daga Alex Kirby, Intern Communications, The Ocean Foundation

Wata cuta mai ban al'ajabi tana mamaye Gabashin Yamma, tana barin matattun kifin tauraro a baya.

Tun daga watan Yunin 2013, ana iya ganin tudun taurarin teku da suka mutu tare da gaɓoɓin gaɓoɓi tare da Kogin Yamma, daga Alaska zuwa Kudancin California. Wadannan taurarin teku, da aka fi sani da kifin taurari, miliyoyin mutane suna mutuwa kuma babu wanda ya san dalilin da ya sa.

Tauraruwar teku da ke lalata cuta, wanda za a iya cewa ita ce cuta mafi yaɗuwa da aka taɓa samu a cikin halittun ruwa, tana iya kawar da dukan taurarin teku a cikin kwanaki biyu. Taurarin teku na farko sun nuna alamun kamuwa da cutar tauraruwar teku da ke lalata da su ta hanyar yin kasala - hannayensu sun fara murzawa kuma sun gaji. Sa'an nan raunuka suka fara bayyana a cikin armpits da/ko tsakanin hannaye. Hannun kifin tauraro sai faɗuwa gaba ɗaya, wanda shine martanin damuwa na echinoderms. Duk da haka, bayan da yawa daga cikin makamai sun fadi, kyallen jikin mutum zai fara bazuwa kuma kifin tauraro zai mutu.

Masu kula da wuraren shakatawa a wurin shakatawa na Olympics a jihar Washington su ne mutane na farko da suka sami shaidar cutar a cikin 2013. Bayan fara gani da waɗannan manajoji da masana kimiyyar ma'aikata suka yi, masu wasan motsa jiki sun fara lura da alamun tauraron teku na lalata cutar. Lokacin da bayyanar cututtuka suka fara faruwa akai-akai a cikin taurarin teku da ke cikin Pacific Northwest, lokaci ya yi da za a fallasa asirin wannan cuta.

Ian Hwson, mataimaki Farfesa ta Microbiology, a Jami'ar Corneell, yana daya daga cikin 'yan kwararru masu sanye da su don aiwatar da wannan cutar da ba a sani ba. Na yi sa'a na iya magana da Hewson, wanda a halin yanzu yana binciken tauraron teku yana lalata cuta. Ilimi na musamman na Hewson game da bambance-bambancen ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta ya sa ya zama mutumin da ya nuna wannan cuta mai ban mamaki da ke damun nau'in kifin taurari 20.

Bayan samun tallafin shekara guda daga Gidauniyar Kimiyya ta Kasa a cikin 2013, Hewson yana aiki tare da cibiyoyi goma sha biyar, kamar cibiyoyin ilimi a gabar Yamma, Aquarium Vancouver, da Aquarium na Monterey Bay, don fara binciken wannan cuta. Aquariums sun ba Hewson bayanin farko: cutar ta shafi yawancin kifin tauraro a cikin tarin kifin.

"Tabbas wani abu yana shigowa daga waje," in ji Hewson.

Cibiyoyin da ke gabar Yamma suna da alhakin samun samfuran taurarin teku a wurare masu tsaka-tsaki. Ana aika samfurorin a fadin Amurka zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje na Hewson, wanda ke kan harabar Cornell. Aikin Hewson shine ya ɗauki waɗannan samfuran kuma yayi nazarin DNA na taurarin teku, ƙwayoyin cuta, da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikinsu.

Ya zuwa yanzu, Hewson ya sami shaidar ƙungiyoyin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ƙwayoyin tauraro na teku marasa lafiya. Bayan gano ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin kyallen takarda, yana da wuya Hewson ya bambanta abin da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ke da alhakin cutar.

Hewson ya ce, "Abu mai rikitarwa shine, ba mu da tabbacin abin da ke haifar da cutar da kuma abin da kawai ke cin taurarin teku bayan sun lalace."

Duk da cewa taurarin teku na mutuwa a wani yanayi da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba, Hewson ya jaddada cewa wannan cuta tana shafar sauran halittu da dama, kamar su babban tushen abincinsu na taurarin teku, wato kifi. Tare da ɗimbin mambobi na yawan taurarin teku suna mutuwa daga tauraron teku suna lalata da cuta, za a sami ƙarancin tsinkayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, wanda zai sa yawansu ya ƙaru. Shellfish na iya daukar nauyin yanayin halittu, kuma ya haifar da raguwar rabe-raben halittu.

Ko da yake ba a buga binciken Hewson ba tukuna, ya gaya mani abu ɗaya mai mahimmanci: “Abin da muka samu yana da kyau sosai da kuma ƙwayoyin cuta. ne hannu."

Tabbatar duba baya tare da shafin yanar gizon Ocean Foundation a nan gaba don samun labari mai zuwa bayan an buga binciken Ian Hewson!