Su wane ne Ma'aikatan Ruwa?

Daga Michael Stocker, Daraktan Kafa na Binciken Kare Tekun, aikin Gidauniyar Ocean

Lokacin da jama'a a cikin al'ummar kiyayewa suke tunanin kifin dabbobi masu shayarwa na ruwa yawanci suna kan gaba. Amma akwai wasu 'yan tsirarun masu shayarwa na ruwa da za su yi bikin wannan watan. The Pinnipeds, ko "ƙafafun ƙafa" hatimi da zakoki na teku; da marine Mustelids - otters, mafi m na danginsu; Sirenians waɗanda suka haɗa da dugongs da manatees; da kuma polar bear, wanda ake ɗauka a matsayin dabbobi masu shayarwa a cikin ruwa saboda yawancin rayuwarsu a cikin ruwa ko sama.

Watakila dalilin da ya sa cetaceans ke motsa tunaninmu gaba ɗaya fiye da sauran dabbobi masu shayarwa na ruwa shine saboda ƙaddarar ɗan adam da tatsuniyoyi an saka su cikin kaddarar waɗannan dabbobi tsawon dubban shekaru. Rashin jin daɗin Yunana tare da kifin kifi shine karo na farko da ya dace a kawo shi (wanda Yunusa ba a ƙarshe ya cinye shi ba). Amma a matsayina na mawaƙin kuma ina son in ba da labarin Arion - wani mawaƙi a kusan shekaru 700 KZ wanda dolphins ya cece shi saboda an gane shi a matsayin abokin kiɗan.

Sigar Cliff Note ta tatsuniyar Arion ita ce yana dawowa daga yawon buɗe ido da ƙirji cike da dukiyoyin da ya karɓa don biyan kuɗin 'gigs' sa'ad da matuƙan jirgin ruwa a cikin jirgin ya yanke shawarar cewa suna son ƙirjin kuma suna tafiya. don jefa Arion cikin teku. Da yake fahimtar cewa yin shawarwari game da abubuwan da suka dace da abokan aikinsa ba a cikin katunan ba, Arion ya tambayi ko zai iya rera waƙa ta ƙarshe kafin ruffian su jefar da shi. Jin saƙo mai zurfi a cikin waƙar Arion, dolphins sun zo don tattara shi daga teku kuma su kai shi ƙasa.

Tabbas sauran mu'amalarmu mai ban sha'awa da kifin kifin ta ƙunshi masana'antar kifin kifin na shekaru 300 waɗanda suka kunna da kuma sanya mai a manyan biranen nahiyoyi na Yamma da Turai - har sai da whales sun kusan ƙare (an kashe miliyoyin dabbobi masu daraja, musamman a cikin shekaru 75 da suka gabata. na masana'antu).

Whales sun sake fitowa a kan sonar jama'a bayan 1970 Wakokin Humpback Whale Kundin ya tunatar da babban jama'a cewa whales ba kawai buhunan nama da mai da za a mayar da su kudi ba; sai dai sun kasance namun daji ne masu rai a cikin al'adu masu sarkakiya da rera wakoki masu jan hankali. An dauki sama da shekaru 14 kafin a karshe sanya dokar hana kifin kifin ta duniya, don haka ban da kasashe uku da suka dame na Japan, Norway, da Iceland, duk kifayen kifin na kasuwanci ya daina zuwa 1984.

Yayin da ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa a cikin tarihi sun san cewa teku tana cike da 'yan mata, naiads, selkies, da sirens duk suna rera waƙoƙin da suka dace, masu ban sha'awa, da ban sha'awa, shi ne kwanan nan mayar da hankali ga waƙoƙin whale wanda ya kawo binciken kimiyya don ɗaukar sautin dabbobin ruwa suna yi. A cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata an gano cewa yawancin dabbobin da ke cikin teku - daga murjani, zuwa kifi, zuwa dabbar dolphins - duk suna da dangantaka ta bioacoustic da mazauninsu.

Wasu daga cikin sauti - musamman wadanda daga kifi ba a la'akari da ban sha'awa sosai ga mutane. A gefe guda (ko ɗayan fin) waƙoƙin yawancin dabbobin ruwa na iya zama gaske hadaddun da kyau. Yayin da mitoci na bio-sonar na dabbar dolphins da porpoises suka yi yawa da yawa don mu ji, sautunan zamantakewarsu na iya kasancewa cikin kewayon tsinkayen sauti na ɗan adam da ban sha'awa sosai. Akasin haka da yawa daga cikin sautin manyan whales na baleen sun yi ƙasa da ƙasa don mu ji, don haka dole ne mu “gaggauta su” don fahimtar su. Amma lokacin da aka sanya su cikin kewayon ji na ɗan adam za su iya yin sauti mai ban sha'awa sosai, ƙwaƙƙwaran kifin whales na iya yin sauti kamar crickets, kuma waƙoƙin kewayawa na blue whales sun ƙi bayanin.

Amma waɗannan kawai cetaceans; hatimi da yawa - musamman wadanda ke zaune a yankunan polar inda duhu ya rinjayi a wasu yanayi suna da sautin murya wanda shine na duniya. Idan kana cikin ruwa a cikin Tekun Weddell kuma ka ji hatimin Weddell, ko a cikin Tekun Beaufort kuma ka ji hatimin gemu ta cikin kwandonka za ka iya yin mamaki ko ka sami kanka a wata duniyar.

Muna da ‘yan alamun yadda waɗannan sauti masu ban mamaki suka dace da halayen dabbobin ruwa; abin da suke ji, da abin da suke yi da shi, amma da yake da yawa daga cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa na ruwa sun kasance suna dacewa da muhallinsu na ruwa tsawon shekaru miliyan 20-30 yana yiwuwa amsoshin waɗannan tambayoyin sun yi waje da fahimtarmu.
Duk ƙarin dalilin bikin dangin mu na mammal marine.

© 2014 Michael Stocker
Michael shi ne wanda ya kafa Cibiyar Bincike ta Tsarin Kare Tekun, shirin Gidauniyar Tekun da ke neman fahimtar tasirin hayaniyar da ɗan adam ke haifarwa a kan mazaunin ruwa. Littafinsa na baya-bayan nan Ji Inda Muke: Sauti, Ilimin Halittu, da Ma'anar Wuri yayi nazarin yadda mutane da sauran dabbobi ke amfani da sauti don kafa alakar su da kewayen su.