Blue Carbon

Bhuruu kabhoni ndiyo kabhoni dhaikisaidhi inobatwa nemakungwa epasi rose nemahombekombe egungwa. Iyi kabhoni inochengetwa muchimiro chebiomass uye sediments kubva kumangrove, tidal marshes uye seagrass meadows. Bhuruu kabhoni ndiyo inonyanya kushanda, asi isingatariswe, nzira yekutora nguva yakareba uye kuchengetedza kabhoni. Zvekukosha zvakaenzana, kudyara mublue kabhoni kunopa akakosha ecosystem masevhisi anobatsira mukukwanisa kwevanhu kudzikisira uye kujairana nekukanganisa kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.

Pano takanyora zvimwe zvezvakanakisa zviwanikwa pane iyi nyaya.

Chokwadi Sheets uye Flyers

A Blue Carbon Fund - Nyanza yakaenzana neREDD yekutorwa kwekabhoni munzvimbo dzemahombekombe. (Flyer)
Iyi ipfupiso inobatsira uye yakapfupikiswa yemushumo weUNEP neGRID-Arendal, kusanganisira basa rakakosha rinoitwa negungwa mumamiriro ekunze edu uye matanho anotevera ekuisanganisira muhurongwa hwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.   

Blue Carbon: Mepu Yenyaya kubva kuGRID-Arendal.
Iro bhuku renyaya rinopindirana pane sainzi yeblue kabhoni uye kurudziro yepolicy yekudzivirirwa kwayo kubva kuGRID-Arendal.

AGEDI. 2014. Kuvaka Blue Carbon Projects - An Introductory Guide. AGEDI/EAD. Rakadhindwa neAGEDI. Yakagadzirwa neGRID-Arendal, A Center Collaborating with UNEP, Norway.
Chirevo ichi chitarisiko cheBlue Carbon sainzi, mutemo uye manejimendi mukubatana neUnited Nations's Environmental Programme. Mabatiro emari nemasangano eBlue kabhoni pamwe nekuvaka masimba emapurojekiti anoongororwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvidzidzo zvenyaya muAustralia, Thailand, Abu Dhabi, Kenya neMadagascar.

Pidgeon, E., Herr, D., Fonseca, L. (2011). Kuderedza Carbon Emissions uye Kukwirisa Carbon Sequestration uye Kuchengetwa neSeagrasses, Tidal Marshes, Mangroves - Kurudziro kubva kuInternational Working Group paCoastal Blue Carbon.
Inosimbisa kudiwa kwe1) kukwidziridzwa kwenyika nepasirese kuedza kwekutsvagisa kabhoni yemahombekombe, 2) yakagadziridzwa matanho ekutonga emunharaunda needunhu zvichibva paruzivo rwazvino rwezvinobuda mumhepo yakasvibiswa yemahombekombe uye 3) yakasimbisa kucherechedzwa kwepasirese kwemahombekombe ecosystems. Iyi kapepa kapfupi kanoda kuti zviitwe nekukasika kudzivirira uswa hwemugungwa, machakwi ane mvura zhinji nemimango. 

Dzosera America's Estuaries: Coastal Blue Carbon: Mukana mutsva weCoastal Conservation
Ichi chinyorwa chinobata kukosha kwebhuruu kabhoni uye sainzi kuseri kwekuchengetwa uye kutorwa kwemagasi egreenhouse. Dzosera America's Estuaries inoongorora mutemo, dzidzo, mapaneru uye vadyidzani vavari kushanda pairi kusimudzira mahombekombe ebhuruu kabhoni.

Press Releases, Statements, uye Policy Briefs

Blue Climate Coalition. 2010. Blue Carbon Solutions for Climate Change – Open Statement kune Nhume dzeCOP16 neBlue Climate Coalition.
Ichi chirevo chinopa hwaro hwebhuruu kabhoni, kusanganisira kukosha kwayo kwakakosha uye kutyisidzira kwayo kukuru. The Blue Climate Coalition inokurudzira COP16 kuti itore danho mukudzoreredza nekuchengetedza izvi zvakakosha zvemugungwa. Yakasainwa nevane makumi mashanu neshanu vane chekuita nemakungwa nemhoteredzo kubva kunyika gumi nepfumbamwe dzinomirira Blue Climate Coalition.

Kubhadhara kweBlue Carbon: Inogona Kudzivirira Nzvimbo Dziri Kutyisidzirwa dzeMahombekombe. Brian C. Murray, W. Aaron Jenkins, Samantha Sifleet, Linwood Pendleton, uye Alexis Baldera. Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions, Duke University
Ichi chinyorwa chinoongorora huwandu, nzvimbo, uye mwero wekurasikirwa munzvimbo dzemahombekombe pamwe nekuchengetedza kabhoni mune izvo ecosystems. Tichifunga nezve izvo zvinhu, kukanganisa kwemari pamwe chete nemari inogona kubva mubhuruu kabhoni kuchengetedza inoongororwa pasi pechidzidzo chekushandurwa kwemangrove kuita mapurazi e shrimp muSoutheast Asia.

Pew Fellows. San Feliu De Guixols Ocean Carbon Declaration
Makumi maviri nepfumbamwe Pew Fellows muMarine Conservation uye Advisors, pamwe chete kubva kunyika gumi nembiri vakasaina kurudziro kune vanogadzira mitemo kuti (1) Ibatanidze mahombekombe egungwa ecosystem kuchengetedza uye kudzoreredza muzvirongwa zvekuderedza shanduko yemamiriro ekunze. (2) Mari yakanangana netsvakiridzo yekuvandudza manzwisisiro edu ekupa kwemahombekombe uye akavhurika yegungwa ecosystems kune kabhoni kutenderera uye nekubvisa kunoshanda kwekabhoni kubva mumhepo.

United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP). Hutano Hwamakungwa Kiyi Itsva Yekurwisa Kuchinja Kwemamiriro ekunze
Chirevo ichi chinopa zano kuti uswa hwegungwa nemadhaka emunyu ndiyo nzira inodhura kwazvo yekuchengetedza kabhoni uye kubata. Kuchimbidza kunodiwa kudzoreredza kunyura kwekabhoni sezvo ari kurasika nekanomwe kupfuura makore makumi mashanu apfuura.

Cancun Oceans Day: Yakakosha kuHupenyu, Yakakosha kuMamiriro ekunze paMusangano wegumi nenhanhatu weMapato kuUnited Nations Framework Convention pamusoro peKuchinja Kwemamiriro ekunze. Zvita 4, 2010
Chirevo ipfupiso yehumbowo hwesainzi huri kukura pamusoro pemamiriro ekunze uye nyanza; makungwa nemahombekombe kabhoni kutenderera; kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu zvemugungwa; coastal adaptation; kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze mari yemitengo uye vagari vezvitsuwa; uye mazano akabatanidzwa. Inopedzisa nehurongwa hwemapoinzi mashanu hweUNFCCC COP 16 uye kuenda kumberi.

Reports

A Florida Roundtable paOcean Acidification: Mushumo wemusangano. Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, FL Gunyana 2, 2015
MunaGunyana 2015, Ocean Conservancy neMote Marine Laboratory vakabatana kuti vatore tafura yeraundi yeasidhi yegungwa muFlorida yakagadzirirwa kukurumidzira nhaurirano yeruzhinji nezve OA muFlorida. Seagrass ecosystems inoita basa rakakura muFlorida uye chirevo chinokurudzira kuchengetedzwa uye kudzoreredzwa kwemafuro egungwa e1) ecosystem masevhisi 2) sechikamu chechikamu chezviitwa zvinofambisa dunhu kudzikisa kukanganiswa kwegungwa acid.

Chirevo cheCDP 2015 v.1.3; Gunyana 2015. Kuisa mutengo panjodzi: Carbon mitengo munyika yemakambani
Chirevo ichi chinoongorora makambani anodarika chiuru pasi rose anoburitsa mutengo wavo pakubudisa kabhoni kana kuronga kuita mumakore maviri anotevera.

Chan, F., nevamwe. 2016. The West Coast Ocean Acidification uye Hypoxia Science Panel: Zvakakura Zvakawanikwa, Zvinokurudzira, uye Zviito. California Ocean Science Trust.
Boka resainzi rine nhengo makumi maviri rinoyambira kuti kuwedzera kwekubuda kwekabhoni dhaikisaidhi kwepasi rose kuri kuita acidifying mvura yeNorth American West Coast pamwero unowedzera. The West Coast OA neHypoxia Panel inonyatsokurudzira kuongorora nzira dzinosanganisira kushandiswa kwehuswa hwegungwa kubvisa carbon dioxide mumvura yegungwa semushonga wekutanga kuOA kumahombekombe ekumadokero. Tsvaga kuburitswa kwenhau pano.

2008. Economic Values ​​of Coral Reefs, Mangroves, uye Seagrasses: A Global Compilation. Center for Applied Biodiversity Science, Conservation International, Arlington, VA, USA.

Kabhuku aka kanounganidza mhedzisiro yezviongorori zvakasiyana-siyana zvekukosheswa kwehupfumi pamusoro penzvimbo dzinopisa dzegungwa negungwa reef ecosystem pasi rose. Ichiri kuburitswa muna 2008, bepa iri richiri kupa gwara rinobatsira kune kukosha kwemahombekombe ecosystem, kunyanya mumamiriro ekugona kwavo kweblue carbon uptake.

Crooks, S., Rybczyk, J., O'Connell, K., Devier, DL, Poppe, K., Emmett-Mattox, S. 2014. Coastal Blue Carbon Mukana Ongororo yeSnohomish Estuary: The Climate Benefits of Estuary Restoration . Chirevo neEnvironment Sayenzi Associates, Western Washington University, EarthCorps, uye Dzosera America's Estuaries. Kukadzi 2014. 
Chirevo ichi chiri kupindura kuri kukurumidza kupera kwenzvimbo dzemvura dzemumahombekombe kubva mukukanganiswa kwevanhu. Zviito zvinorongedzerwa kuzivisa vanogadzira mitemo nezvehukuru hwekubuda kweGHG uye kubviswa kwakabatana nekutonga kwemahombekombe egungwa pasi pemamiriro ekunze ekushanduka; uye kuona ruzivo runodikanwa rwekuferefetwa kwesainzi kweramangwana kuvandudza huwandu hweGHG fluxes nemahombekombe egungwa manejimendi.

Emmett-Mattox, S., Crooks, S. Coastal Blue Carbon seKurudziro yeKuchengetedza Kwemahombekombe, Kudzoreredza uye Kutungamira: Chimiro cheKunzwisisa Sarudzo.
Gwaro iri richabatsira kutungamira maneja emahombekombe uye epasi mukunzwisisa nzira dzinodzivirira nekudzoreredza mahombekombe eblue carbon inogona kubatsira kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvekutonga kwemahombekombe. Inosanganisira nhaurirano yezvinhu zvakakosha mukuita kutsunga uku uye inonongedza matanho anotevera ekugadzira matangi eblue carbon.

Gordon, D., Murray, B., Pendleton, L., Victor, B. 2011. Financing Options for Blue Carbon Opportunities and Lessons from the REDD+ Experience. Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions Chirevo. Duke University.

Chirevo ichi chinoongorora zvazvino uye zvingangoita sarudzo dzekubhadhara kabhoni sesosi yeblue kabhoni mari. Inoongorora neungwaru mari yeREDD+ (Kuderedza Utsi Kubva Kutemeswa Kwemiti uye Kuparara kweSango) senge modhi kana kunobva kwaunobva kuunza blue carbon financing. Chirevo ichi chinoshanda kubatsira vanobatana kuti vatarise mapundu emari mukubhadhara kabhoni uye kutungamira zviwanikwa kune izvo zviitiko zvinopa iyo yakanyanya blue carbon mabhenefiti. 

Herr, D., Pidgeon, E., Laffoley, D. (eds.) (2012) Blue Carbon Policy Framework 2.0: Kubva muhurukuro yeInternational Blue Carbon Policy Working Group. IUCN uye Conservation International.
Mafungiro kubva kumusangano weInternational Blue Carbon Policy Working Group wakaitwa muna Chikunguru 2011. Bepa rino rinobatsira kune avo vanoda kutsanangura zvakadzama uye zvakakura zveblue carbon nekugona kwayo nebasa rayo mupolicy.

Herr, D., E. Trines, J. Howard, M. Silvius naE. Pidgeon (2014). Chengetedza nyoro kana munyu. Gwaro rekutanga rekupa mari wetland kabhoni zvirongwa nemapurojekiti. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN, CI uye WI. iv +46pp.
Manyoro ndiwo akakosha pakuderedza kabhoni uye kune akati wandei emari yemamiriro ekunze ekugadzirisa nyaya iyi. Wetland kabhoni chirongwa chinogona kupihwa mari kuburikidza nekuzvidira kabhoni musika kana mumamiriro ehupfumi hwemhando dzakasiyana siyana.

Howard, J., Hoyt, S., Isensee, K., Pidgeon, E., Telszewski, M. (eds.) (2014). Coastal Blue Carbon: Nzira dzekuongorora kabhoni stocks uye emissions zvinhu mumangrove, tidal salt marshes, uye seagrass meadows. Conservation International, Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission yeUNESCO, International Union for Conservation of Nature. Arlington, Virginia, USA.
Chirevo ichi chinoongorora nzira dzekuongorora kabhoni masheya uye emissions zvinhu mumangrove, tidal salt marshes, uye seagrass meadows. Inovhara maitiro ekufungidzira kubuda kwekabhoni dioxide, manejimendi data uye mepu.

Kollmuss, Anja; Zink; Helge; Cli ord Polycarp. Kurume 2008. Kuita Manzwisisiro eKuzvidira Carbon Musika: Kuenzanisa kweCarbon Offset Standards.
Chirevo ichi chinoongorora musika wecarbon offset, kusanganisira kutengeserana uye nekuzvidira kupesana nemisika yekuteerera. Inoenderera mberi nekutarisa kwezvinhu zvakakosha zve offset zviyero.

Laffoley, D.d'A. & Grimsditch, G. (eds). 2009. Kutungamirirwa kwekabhoni yepamhenderekedzo yegungwa inonyura. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. 53 pp
Iri bhuku rinopa yakakwana asi yakapusa maongororo emahombekombe egungwa anonyura. Yakaburitswa sechishandiso kwete chete kutsanangura kukosha kweizvi ecosystems mublue kabhoni sequestration, asi zvakare kuratidza kudiwa kwekutonga kwakanaka uye kwakaringana mukuchengeta iyo sequestered kabhoni muvhu.

Laffoley, D., Baxter, JM, Thevenon, F. naOliver, J. (vapepeti). 2014. Kukosha uye Kutungamirirwa kweZvitoro zveKabhoni Yemasikirwo muOcean Ocean. Mushumo wakazara. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN. 124 pp.Iri bhuku rakaburitswa makore mashanu gare gare neboka rimwechete se IUCN kudzidza, Iyo manejimendi yemasikirwo emahombekombe kabhoni inonyura, inodarika zvipenyu zvegungwa uye inotarisa kukosha kweblue carbon mugungwa rakashama.

Lutz SJ, Martin AH. 2014. Hove Carbon: Kuongorora Marine Vertebrate Carbon Services. Rakabudiswa neGRID-Arendal, Arendal, Norway.
Chirevo chinopa nzira sere dzebhayoloji dzemhuka dzemugungwa dzinogonesa kubatwa kwemuchadenga kabhoni uye inopa inogona kuvharira kurwisa acidification yegungwa. Rakadhindwa richipindura kudanwa kweSangano Romubatanidzwa Wenyika Dzepasi Pose kwemhinduro itsva mukushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.

Murray, B., Pendleton L., Jenkins, W. uye Sifleet, S. 2011. Green Payments yeBlue Carbon Economic Incentives for Protecting Attensional Habitat. Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions Chirevo.
Chirevo ichi chine chinangwa chekubatanidza kukosha kwemari yeblue kabhoni kune zvinokurudzira zvehupfumi zvakasimba zvakakwana kudzikamisa mitengo iripo yekurasikirwa kwenzvimbo yemahombekombe. Inoona kuti nekuda kwekuti zvipenyu zvemumhenderekedzo yegungwa zvinochengeta yakawanda kabhoni uye zviri kutyisidzirwa zvakanyanya nebudiriro yemahombekombe, zvinogona kuve zvinonangwa pakuwana mari kabhoni - zvakafanana neREDD+.

Nellemann, C., Corcoran, E., Duarte, CM, Valdés, L., De Young, C., Fonseca, L., Grimsditch, G. (Eds). 2009. Blue Carbon. A Rapid Response Ongororo. United Nations Environment Programme, GRID-Arendal, www.grida.no
Mushumo mutsva weRapid Response Assessment wakaburitswa 14 Gumiguru 2009 paDiversitas Conference, Cape Town Conference Centre, South Africa. Yakaunganidzwa nenyanzvi dzeGRID-Arendal neUNEP vachibatsirana neUN Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) neUNESCO International Oceanographic Commissions nemamwe masangano, gwaro rinoratidza basa rakakosha rezvipenyu zvegungwa nemakungwa mukuchengetedza mamiriro ekunze uye mukubatsira. vagadziri vemitemo kuti vapinze ajenda yemakungwa muhurongwa hwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze enyika nekunze. Tsvaga inopindirana e-book version pano.

Pidgeon E. Carbon sequestration by coastal marine habitats: Chakakosha chisipo masingi. Mu: Laffoley DdA, Grimsditch G., vapepeti. Kutungamirirwa kweMasikirwo eMagungwa Kabhoni Inonyura. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN; 2009. pp. 47–51.
Ichi chinyorwa chikamu chepamusoro Laffoley, nevamwe. IUCN 2009 bhuku. Inopa kupatsanurwa kwekukosha kwegungwa kabhoni inonyura uye inosanganisira madhayagiramu anobatsira achifananidza marudzi akasiyana epasi uye emugungwa kabhoni inonyura. Vanyori vanosimbisa kuti mutsauko unoshamisa pakati pemahombekombe egungwa uye epasi pekugara kugona kwenzvimbo dzemugungwa kuita kwenguva refu kabhoni sequestration.

Nyaya Nyaya

Ezcurra, P., Ezcurra, E., Garcillán, P., Costa, M., uye Aburto-Oropeza, O. 2016. "Coastal landforms uye kuunganidzwa kwemangrove peat kunowedzera kabhoni sequestration uye kuchengetedza" Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences yeUnited States of America.
Ongororo iyi inoona kuti mangrove muMexico yakaoma kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero, inogara isingasviki 1% yenzvimbo yepasi, asi inochengeta chikamu che28% cheiyo yakazara pasi pevhu kabhoni yedunhu rose. Kunyangwe iwo madiki, mangrove uye organic sediments inomiririra kusaenzana nepasi rose kabhoni sequestration uye kabhoni kuchengetedza.

Fourqurean, J. et al 2012. Seagrass ecosystems seyakakosha pasi rose kabhoni. Nature Geoscience 5, 505–509.
Chidzidzo ichi chinotsinhira kuti uswa hwegungwa, parizvino humwe hwepasi rose huri kutyisidzirwa zvakanyanya, imhinduro yakakosha mukushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwayo hwekuchengetedza kabhoni yebhuruu.

Greiner JT, McGlathery KJ, Gunnell J, McKee BA (2013) Kudzorerwa kweSeagrass Kunowedzera "Blue Carbon" Sequestration muMvura yeMvura. PLoS YEMWE 8(8): e72469. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0072469
Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvidzidzo zvekutanga kupa humbowo chaihwo hwekugona kudzoreredzwa kwenzvimbo yeuswa hwegungwa kuwedzera kutorwa kwekabhoni munzvimbo yemahombekombe. Vanyori vakadyara uswa hwegungwa uye vakadzidza kukura kwayo uye kutorwa kwenguva yakareba.

Martin, S., nevamwe. Ecosystem Services Maonero eOceanic Eastern Tropical Pacific: Commercial Fisheries, Carbon Storage, Recreational Hove, uye Biodiversity.
Mberi. Mar. Sci., 27 April 2016
Chinyorwa chehove kabhoni uye humwe hunhu hwemugungwa hunofungidzira kukosha kwekutengesa kabhoni kune yakadzika gungwa kuOceanic Eastern Tropical Pacific kuita $12.9 bhiriyoni pagore, kunyangwe geophysical uye biological kutakura kabhoni uye kabhoni kuchengetedza muhuwandu hwemhuka dzemugungwa.

McNeil, Kukosha kweiyo oceanic CO2 kunyura kune yenyika kabhoni account. Carbon Balance and Management, 2006. I:5, doi:10.1186/1750-0680-I-5
Pasi pechibvumirano cheUnited Nations chemutemo wegungwa (1982), nyika yega yega inotora chikamu inochengetedza kodzero dzehupfumi uye dzezvakatipoteredza mukati menharaunda yegungwa inotambanudza 200 nm kubva kumahombekombe ayo, inozivikanwa seExclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). Chirevo chinoongorora kuti EEZ haina kutaurwa mukati meKyoto Protocol kugadzirisa anthropogenic CO2 kuchengetedza uye kutora.

Pendleton L, Donato DC, Murray BC, Crooks S, Jenkins WA, et al. 2012. Estimating Global ''Blue Carbon'' Emissions kubva kuShanduko uye Kuparara kweVegetated Coastal Ecosystems. PLoS YEMWE 7(9): e43542. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0043542
Ichi chidzidzo chinosvika pakukosheswa kweblue kabhoni kubva pa "value yakarasika" maonero, kugadzirisa kukanganiswa kwemahombekombe ecosystem uye kupa fungidziro yepasi rose yeblue kabhoni inoburitswa gore rega semhedzisiro yekuparadzwa kwenzvimbo.

Rehdanza, Katrin; Jung, Martina; Tola, Richard SJ; uye Wetzelf, Patrick. Ocean Carbon Sinks uye International Climate Policy. 
Kunyura kwemakungwa hakuna kutariswa muKyoto Protocol kunyangwe isina kuongororwa uye isina chokwadi sezvaiitwa kunyura kwepasi panguva yenhaurirano. Vanyori vanoshandisa modhi yemusika wepasirese wekuburitsa kabhoni dhaikisaidhi kuti vaone kuti ndiani angawana kana kurasikirwa kubva mukubvumidza kunyura kwegungwa kabhoni.

Sabine, CL et al. 2004. Kunyura kwegungwa kune anthropogenic CO2. Sayenzi 305: 367-371
Chidzidzo ichi chinoongorora kutorwa kwenyanza kweanthropogenic carbon dioxide kubva kuIndustrial Revolution, uye inogumisa kuti gungwa ndiro rakanyanya kunyura kabhoni pasi rose. Inobvisa 20-35% mumhepo kabhoni emissions.

Spalding, MJ (2015). Dambudziko reSherman's Lagoon - Uye iyo Global Ocean. The Environmental Forum. 32(2), 38-43.
Ichi chinyorwa chinoratidza kuoma kweOA, kukanganisa kwayo pawebhu yezvokudya uye pamapuroteni evanhu, uye chokwadi chokuti idambudziko riripo uye rinooneka. Munyori, Mark Spalding, anopedzisa nerunyoro rwematanho madiki anogona kutorwa kubatsira kurwisa OA - kusanganisira sarudzo yekubvisa kabhoni mugungwa nenzira yebhuruu kabhoni.

Camp, E. et al. (2016, Kubvumbi 21). Mangrove uye Seagrass Mibhedha Inopa Yakasiyana Biogeochemical Services yeCorals Inotyisidzirwa neKuchinja Kwemamiriro ekunze. Miganhu muMarine Science. Zvakatorwa kubva https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2016.00052/full.
Ichi chidzidzo chinoongorora kana uswa hwegungwa uye mangroves zvinogona kuita sezvingangoita refugia kufanotaura kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze nekuchengetedza mamiriro emakemikari akanaka uye kuongorora kana basa remetabolism remakorari akakosha ekuvaka matombo anotsigirwa.

Zvinyorwa zveMagazini neMapepanhau

Iyo Ocean Foundation (2021). "Kufambira Mberi-Yakavakirwa Mhinduro Kusimudzira Kugadzikana Kwemamiriro ekunze muPuerto Rico." Eco Magazine's Special Nyaya Inokwira Makungwa.
Basa reOcean Foundation reBlue Resilience Initiative muJobos Bay rinosanganisira kugadzira uswa hwemugungwa uye chirongwa chekuyedza kugadzirisa purojekiti yeJobos Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve (JBNERR).

Luchessa, Scott (2010) Vakagadzirira, Set, Offset, Go!: Kushandisa Wetland Kusika, Kudzoreredza, uye Kuchengetedza Kugadzira Carbon Offsets.
Madova anogona kuva manyuko uye kunyura kwemagasi egreenhouse, bepanhau rinoongorora mamiriro esainzi echiitiko ichi pamwe nehurongwa hwepasi rose, hwenyika uye hwedunhu hwekugadzirisa mabhenefiti.

San Francisco State University (2011, Gumiguru 13). Basa rePlankton rekuchinja mukati megungwa rakadzika kabhoni yekuchengetedza yakaongororwa. ScienceDaily. Yakadzorerwa Gumiguru 14, 2011, kubva http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/10/111013162934.htm
Kuchinja kunokonzerwa nemamiriro ekunze mumitubu yenitrogen uye mwero wecarbon dioxide mumvura yegungwa zvinogona kushanda pamwe chete kuita kuti Emiliania huxleyi (plankton) isanyanya kushanda nesimba rekuchengetera kabhoni munzvimbo huru pasi rose sink, gungwa rakadzika. Shanduko kune iri hombe kabhoni sink pamwe neanthropogenic atmospheric carbon dioxide mazinga anogona kuve nekukanganisa kukuru kune ramangwana mamiriro ekunze epasi. 

Wilmers, Christopher C ; Estes, James A; Edwards, Matthew; Laidre, Kristin L;, naKonar, Brenda. Ko trophic cascades inokanganisa kuchengetedza uye kuyerera kwekabhoni yemuchadenga? Ongororo yegungwa otter uye kelp masango. Front Ecol Environ 2012; doi:10.1890/110176
Masayendisiti akaunganidza data kubva kumakore makumi mana apfuura kuti afungidzire mhedzisiro yegungwa otters pakugadzirwa kwekabhoni uye kuwanikwa kwekuchengetedza mune ecosystems muNorth America. Vakagumisa kuti maotter egungwa ane simba rakasimba pane zvikamu zviri mumhepo yekabhoni izvo zvinogona kukanganisa chiyero che carbon flux.

Shiri, Winfred. "African Wetlands Project: Kuhwina Kwemamiriro ekunze uye Vanhu?" Yale Environment 360. Np, 3 Nov. 2016.
MuSenegal nedzimwe nyika dzichiri kusimukira, makambani emunyika dzakawanda ari kusima mari muzvirongwa zvokudzorera masango emiti yemimango nemamwe manyoro ayo anochera kabhoni. Asi vanoshora vanoti zvirongwa izvi hazvifanirwe kutarisisa zvinangwa zvemamiriro ekunze pasi rose zvichikanganisa raramo yevagari vemuno.

mharidzo

Dzosera America's Estuaries: Coastal Blue Carbon: Mukana mutsva wekuchengetedza matoro
Powerpoint mharidzo inoongorora kukosha kwebhuruu kabhoni uye sainzi kuseri kwekuchengetera, sequestration uye greenhouse magasi. Dzosera America's Estuaries inoongorora mutemo, dzidzo, mapaneru uye vadyidzani vavari kushanda pairi kusimudzira mahombekombe ebhuruu kabhoni.

Poop, Midzi uye Deadfall: Nyaya yeBlue Carbon
Mharidzo yakapihwa naMark Spalding, Mutungamiriri weThe Ocean Foundation, inotsanangura bhuruu kabhoni, mhando dzemahombekombe ekuchengetera, nzira dzekuchovha bhasikoro uye chimiro chegwara panyaya iyi. Dzvanya link iri pamusoro kune iyo PDF vhezheni kana tarisa pazasi.

Zviito Zvaunogona Kuita

Shandisa yedu SeaGrass Inokura Carbon Calculator kuverenga kuburitsa kabhoni yako uye kupa kuti ubvise maitiro ako neblue kabhoni! Calculator yakagadziridzwa neThe Ocean Foundation kubatsira munhu kana sangano kuverengera kuburitswa kwayo kwegore kweCO2, kuti vaone huwandu hwekabhoni yebhuruu inodiwa kuvamisa (maeka euswa hwegungwa kuti adzorerwe kana akaenzana). Mari inobva kublue carbon credit mechanism inogona kushandiswa kupa mari yekudzorera, izvo zvinozoita kuti zvikwereti zvakawanda. Zvirongwa zvakadaro zvinobvumira kuhwina kuviri: kusikwa kwemutengo unoverengeka kune masisitimu epasi rose ezviitwa zveCO2-emitting uye, chechipiri, kudzoreredzwa kwemafuro egungwa ayo anoumba chikamu chakakosha chemahombekombe ecosystem uye ari kuda zvakanyanya kupora.

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