Unofanira Kufamba Mumugwagwa Mukuru

Chirongwa ichi chinotsigirwa neShark Conservation Fund neNational Geographic Society.

Iyo smalltooth sawfish chimwe chezvisikwa zvine enigmatic paNyika. Hongu, ihove, pakuti mashaki ese nemwaranzi zvinonzi hove. Haisi shark asi mwaranzi. Chete, ine hunhu hwakasiyana kwazvo hunoisiyanisa kunyangwe nemwaranzi. Iine "saw" - kana mumashoko esainzi, "rostrum" - yakafukidzwa nemazino kumativi ose uye ichikwira kubva mberi kwemuviri wayo.

Saha iyi yakapa mukana wakasiyana. Smalltooth sawfish inoshambira nepakati pemvura ichishandisa chisimba chinoibvumira kuti irove mhuka. Inobva yabvongodza ichinhonga mhuka yayo nemuromo wayo - iyo, semwaranzi, iri pasi pemuviri wayo. Muchokwadi, kune mhuri nhatu dzemashaki nemwaranzi dzinoshandisa masaha semidziyo yekuvhima. Ichi chishandiso chakangwara uye chinoshanda chekutsvaga chikafu chakashanduka katatu siyana. 

Rostra yesawfish yavewo chituko.

Haisi chete curio inonakidzwa kwemireniyamu netsika dzakasiyana senyanga dzenzou kana shark zvimbi. Mambure anovateyawo nyore nyore. Sezvisina kujairika sezvakaita sawfish, haina kukodzera sechikafu chekudya. Iyo yakanyanya cartilaginous, ichiita kuti kubviswa kwenyama kuve chinhu chakashata. Haina kumbonyanya kuwanda asi iko zvino isingawanzo kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzayo dzeCaribbean, smalltooth sawfish inonetsa kuwana. Nepo kune nzvimbo dzetariro (zvikamu zvegungwa zvinoda kuchengetedzwa nekuda kwemhuka dzayo dzesango uye nzvimbo dzakakosha dzepasi pemvura) muFlorida Bay uye munguva pfupi yapfuura muBahamas, zvakaoma zvakanyanya kuwana muAtlantic. 

Sechikamu chechirongwa chinonzi Kutanga Kuchengetedza Caribbean Sawfish (ISCS), Iyo Ocean Foundation, Shark Advocates International, uye Havenworth Coastal Conservation vari kuunza makumi emakore ebasa muCaribbean kubatsira kuwana mhuka iyi. Cuba ndiyo inonyanya kukwikwidza kuwana imwe, nekuda kwehukuru hwayo uye humbowo hwekare kubva kune vabati vehove pamakiromita mazana matanhatu emahombekombe ekuchamhembe.

Masayendisiti ekuCuba, Fabián Pina naTamara Figueredo vakaita ongororo muna 2011, pavakataura nevaredzi vanopfuura zana. Vakawana humbowo hwakazara hwekuti sawfish yaive muCuba kubva pakubata data uye kuona kwekuona. ISCS shamwari, Dr. Dean Grubbs veFlorida State University, vakanga vanyora masawfish akawanda muFlorida neBahamas uye vakazvimiririra vakafungidzira kuti Cuba inogona kuva imwe nzvimbo yetariro. Bahamas neCuba zvakaparadzaniswa chete nemugero wakadzika wemvura - mune dzimwe nzvimbo makiromita makumi mashanu chete paupamhi. Vakuru chete ndivo vakawanikwa mumvura yeCuba. Saka, fungidziro yakajairika ndeyekuti chero sawfish inowanikwa muCuba yakatama kubva kuFlorida kana Bahamas. 

Kuedza kuisa tag yesawfish kupfura murima.

Kunyanya munyika umo pasina yakanyorwa nesainzi. TOF nevadyidzani veCuba vakatenda rumwe ruzivo rwaidiwa saiti isati yazivikanwa kuti iedze rwendo rwekumaka. Muna 2019, Fabián naTamara vakakurukura nevabati vehove vaienda kure kure kumabvazuva seBaracoa, musha wekumabvazuva uko Christopher Columbus akatanga kumhara muCuba muna 1494. Hurukuro idzi hadzina kungoburitsa nhovo shanu dzakaunganidzwa nevabati vehove mumakore apfuura, asi dzakabatsira kuona panogona edza. Kiyi yakasarudzika yeCayo Confites kuchamhembe pakati peCuba yakasarudzwa zvichibva panhaurirano idzi uye yakakura, isina kugadzirwa expanses yegungwa, mangrove, uye jecha flats - iyo inodiwa nesawfish. Mumashoko aDr. Grubbs, izvi zvinonzi "sawfishy habitat".

Muna January, Fabián naTamara vakapedza mazuva vachiisa mitsetse mirefu kubva muigwa rokuredza rematanda.

Mushure memazuva mashanu vasina kubata chinhu, vakadzokera kuHavana vakatsikitsira. Parwendo rurefu rwokudzokera kumusha, vakagamuchira runhare kubva kumuredzi muPlaya Girón kumaodzanyemba kweCuba, uyo akavanongedzera kumuredzi muCardenas. Cardenas iguta diki reCuba riri paCardenas Bay. Kufanana nemabhawa mazhinji ari kumahombekombe ekuchamhembe, anganzi akanyanya kusaha.

Pakusvika muCardenas, mubati wehove akapinda navo mumusha make ndokuvaratidza chimwe chinhu chaivhiringidza mafungiro avo ose. Muruoko rwake mubati wehove akanga akabata tambo duku, duku zvikuru kupfuura chinhu chipi nechipi chavakanga vaona. Sezvineiwo, aive akabata mwana mudiki. Mumwe muredzi akaiwana muna 2019 achidurura mambure ake muCardenas Bay. Zvinosuruvarisa, hove yesaha yakanga yafa. Asi kuwanikwa uku kwaizopa tariro yekutanga kuti Cuba inogona kugamuchira vagari vemo. Idi rekuti kuwanikwa kwacho kwaive kwazvino kwaivimbisa zvakafanana. 

Ongororo yeGenetic yetishu yemwana uyu, uye mamwe mashanu marostra, zvichabatsira kubatanidza kana masawfish eCuba angori vashanyi vane mukana kana chikamu chevagari vekumba. Kana zviri zvekupedzisira, pane tarisiro yekushandisa mitemo yekubata hove kudzivirira mhuka idzi uye kutevera vanovhima zvisiri pamutemo. Izvi zvinotora kuwedzera kukosha sezvo Cuba isingaone sawfish sechinhu chekubata hove. 

Mufananidzo Wekuruboshwe: Dr. Pina vachipa chitupa chekutenda kumubati wehove weCardenas Osmany Toral Gonzalez
Mufananidzo Wekurudyi: Dr. Fabian Pina vachiburitsa mufananidzo weCardenas paCentre for Marine Research, University of Havana

Nyaya yeCardenas sawfish muenzaniso wezvinoita kuti tide sainzi.

Mutambo unononoka, asi zvinoita sezviwanikwa zvidiki zvinogona kushandura mafungiro atinoita. Muchiitiko ichi, tiri kupemberera kufa kwemwaranzi wechidiki. Asi, mwaranzi uyu unogona kupa tariro kune vezera vayo. Sayenzi inogona kunonoka zvakanyanya. Zvisinei, hurukuro nevabati vehove dziri kupindura mibvunzo. Fabián paakandifonera nenhau akandiudza kuti, “hay que caminar y coger carretera”. MuchiRungu, izvi zvinoreva kuti unofanira kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma mumugwagwa mukuru. Nemamwe manzwi kushivirira, kutsungirira uye kuda kuziva kusingaregi zvinozovhura nzira yekuwana kukuru. 

Izvi zvakawanikwa ndezvekutanga, uye pakupedzisira zvinogona kuramba zvichireva kuti maSawfish eCuba vanhu vanotama. Nekudaro, zvinopa tariro yekuti Cuba yesawfish inogona kunge iri nani pane yatakambotenda.