Bophelo ba Leoatle bo ka Thusa ho Fokotsa Phetoho ea Boemo ba Leholimo: Thuto e Ncha

Liphoofolo tse phelang li boloka carbon. Haeba u nka tlhapi leoatleng 'me ua e ja, carbon e ka har'a tlhapi eo e nyamela ka leoatleng. Oceanic blue carbon e bua ka mekhoa ea tlhaho eo liphoofolo tse phelang ka lesapo la mokokotlo (eseng litlhapi feela) li ka thusang ho tšoasa le ho senya khabone, e leng monyetla oa ho fokotsa litlamorao tsa phetoho ea maemo a leholimo.

Ka leoatleng, k'habone e phalla har'a tepo ea lijo. E qala ho lokisoa ka photosynthesis ke phytoplankton holim'a metsi. Ka ho sebelisoa, carbon e fetisetsoa le ho bolokoa 'meleng ea liphoofolo tse jang limela tse kang krill. Ka lebaka la ho hlaseloa, carbon e bokella liphoofolo tse phelang metsing tse khōloanyane tse kang sardine, lishaka le maruarua.

Maruarua a bokella khabone ’meleng ea ’ona nakong ea bophelo ba ’ona bo bolelele, ’me a mang a ’ona a nka lilemo tse 200. Ha li shoa, li teba botebong ba leoatle, li nka carbon le tsona. Research e bontša hore leruarua le leng le le leng le nka lithane tse 33 tsa carbon dioxide ka karolelano. Sefate ka nako e tšoanang se kenya letsoho feela ho fihla ho karolo ea 3 lekholong ea ho monya ha carbon ea leruarua.

Liphoofolo tse ling tse phelang metsing li boloka carbon e nyenyane ka nako e khutšoanyane. Bokhoni bohle ba bona ba polokelo bo tsejoa e le "biomass carbon". Ho sireletsa le ho ntlafatsa polokelo ea carbon blue oceanic ka har'a liphoofolo tsa leoatleng ho ka lebisa melemong ea paballo le phokotso ea maemo a leholimo.

Haufinyane tjena ho entsoe boithuto ba liteko United Arab Emirates (UAE) ho thusa ho utloisisa khabone e ka bang teng ea oceanic blue ho rarolla phephetso ea lefats'e ea phetoho ea maemo a leholimo le ho ts'ehetsa leano la ts'oarelo la litlhapi le maoatle.

Morero oa teko oa UAE o laetsoe ke Abu-Dhabi Global Environmental Data Initiative (AGEDI), 'me o tšehetsoa ka lichelete tse tsoang ho Blue Climate Solutions, morero oa Ocean Foundation, le Lenaneo la Machaba a Kopaneng la Tikoloho (UNEP) ka GRID-Arendal, e sebelisang le ho phethahatsa Global Environment Facility Blue Forest Project.

Boithuto bona bo sebelisitse li-database le mekhoa e teng ho lekanya le ho lekola bokhoni ba litlhapi, li-cetaceans, li-dugong, likolopata tsa leoatle le linonyana tsa leoatle tse lulang karolong ea tikoloho ea leoatle ea UAE ho boloka le ho senya khabone.

"Tlhahlobo ena e emela tlhahlobo ea pele ea lefats'e ea oceanic blue carbon le tlhahlobo ea leano boemong ba naha 'me e tla lumella mekhatlo e amehang ea leano le tsamaiso ho UAE ho lekola likhetho bakeng sa ts'ebetsong e ka bang teng ea maano a carbon blue oceanic maemong a lehae le a naha," ho bolela. Ahmed Abdulmuttaleb Baharoon, Motsamaisi wa Tshebetso wa AGEDI. "Mosebetsi ona ke kananelo e matla ea monyetla oa ho boloka le ho laola ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng oa bophelo ba leoatleng ho nkoa e le tharollo ea bohlokoa ea tlhaho ho phephetso ea boemo ba leholimo lefatšeng ka bophara," o phaella ka ho re.

Biomass carbon ke e 'ngoe ea litsela tse robong tsa carbon blue blue carbon moo liphoofotsoana tse phelang lesapo la mokokotlo li khonang ho hokahanya polokelong ea khabone le ho nka khabone.

UAE tlhahlobo ea carbon blue blue

Sepheo se seng sa boithuto ba UAE e ne e le ho lekola mabenkele a carbon vertebrate biomass a tsepamisitse maikutlo ho emirate ea Abu Dhabi, eo boholo ba data e neng e le teng pele e neng e fumaneha.

Bokhoni ba ho boloka khabone ea biomass bo ile ba hlahlojoa ka mekhoa e 'meli. Ntlha ea pele, bokhoni ba ho boloka carbon ea biomass bo ile ba hakanngoa ka ho hlahloba lintlha tsa litlhapi tsa litlhapi. Taba ea bobeli, bokhoni ba hajoale ba ho boloka khabone (ke hore, boteng ba khabone) bakeng sa liphoofolo tsa leoatleng, likolopata tsa leoatle le linonyana tsa leoatle bo hakantsoe ka ho sekaseka lintlha tse ngata. Ka lebaka la khaello ea lintlha tse mabapi le bongata ba litlhapi nakong ea tlhahlobo, litlhapi ha lia kenyelletsoa likhakanyong tsa biomass stand stock stock, empa lintlha tsena li lokela ho kenyelletsoa lithutong tse tlang.

Boithuto bo hakantse hore ka selemo sa 2018, lithane tse 532 tsa bokhoni ba ho boloka khabone ea biomass li lahlehile ka lebaka la ho tšoasa litlhapi. Sena se batla se lekana le palo ea hajoale e hakanyetsoang ea lithane tse 520 tsa khabone ea liphoofolo tse anyesang tsa leoatleng, likolopata tsa leoatle le linonyana tsa leoatle naheng ea Abu Dhabi emirate.

Setoko sena sa biomass se nang le khabone se entsoe ka li-dugong (51%), likolopata tsa leoatle (24%), li-dolphin (19%), le linonyana tsa leoatle (6%). Har'a mefuta e 66 e hlahlobiloeng (mefuta e 53 ea lihlapi, mefuta e meraro ea liphoofolo tse anyesang tsa metsing, mefuta e 'meli ea likolopata tsa leoatleng le mefuta e robeli ea linonyana tsa leoatleng) phuputsong ena, tse robeli (12%) li na le maemo a paballo a tlokotsing kapa ho feta.

"Biomass carbon - le oceanic blue carbon ka kakaretso - ke e 'ngoe ea litšebeletso tse ngata tsa tikoloho e fanoang ke mefuta ena, kahoo ha ea lokela ho nkoa e le mong kapa e le sebaka sa mekhoa e meng ea paballo," ho bolela Heidi Pearson, setsebi sa liphoofolo tse anyesang tsa leoatleng. Univesithi ea Alaska Boroa-bochabela le sengoli se etelletseng pele sa thuto ea khabone ea biomass. 

"Ts'ireletso le ntlafatso ea mabenkele a carbon vertebrate biomass carbon e ka ba e 'ngoe ea maano a mangata bakeng sa moralo oa paballo le ho fokotsa phetoho ea maemo a leholimo UAE," oa eketsa.

Mark Spalding, Mopresidente oa The Ocean Foundation, o re: “Liphello li tiisa bohlokoa bo boholo ba tikoloho ea maruarua le lintho tse ling tse phelang leoatleng ho thusa ho fokotsa boemo ba leholimo. O phaella ka ho re: "Ho bohlokoa hore sechaba sa lefats'e se nke bopaki bona e le karolo ea boiteko bo tsoelang pele ba ho laola le ho tsosolosa bophelo ba leoatleng le ho rarolla phetoho ea boemo ba leholimo lefatšeng ka bophara."

Tekolo ea leano la khabone e putsoa ea Oceanic

Sepheo se seng sa morero e ne e le ho hlahloba bokhoni ba carbon blue blue carbon e le sesebelisoa sa leano ho tšehetsa tsamaiso e tsitsitseng ea mehloli ea leoatle le ho loantša phetoho ea maemo a leholimo.

Boithuto bona bo boetse bo hlahlobile bankakarolo ba 28 ba tikoloho ea lebopo le maoatle ho lekola tsebo, maikutlo, le maikutlo a mohopolo oa carbon blue blue le bohlokoa ba eona ho leano. Tlhahlobo ea leano e fumane hore tšebeliso ea pholisi ea carbon blue blue e na le leano le bohlokoa le amanang le libaka tsa phetoho ea maemo a leholimo, paballo ea mefuta-futa ea lihloliloeng, le tsamaiso ea botšoasi ba litlhapi maemong a naha, a libaka le a machaba.

"Bongata ba barupeluoa ba liphuputso ba lumetse hore temoso ea machaba ea boleng ba carbon blue blue carbon e lokela ho eketsoa le hore e kenyelelitsoe ho maano a paballo le ho fokotsa phetoho ea maemo a leholimo," ho bolela Steven Lutz, setsebi sa carbon e putsoa ho GRID-Arendal le moetapele. mongoli oa tlhahlobo ea leano. "Ho sa tsotellehe bohlokoa ba ho fokotsa mocheso oa carbon, phuputso ena e tiisa hore paballo ea leoatle e le leano la ho fokotsa boemo ba leholimo e ka khonahala, mohlomong e tla amoheloa hantle 'me e na le bokhoni bo boholo," oa phaella ka ho re.

Isabelle Vanderbeck, setsebi sa tikoloho ea leoatle sa United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) o re: “Liphuputso tsena ke tsa pele lefatšeng tsa mofuta oa tsona ’me li tlatsetsa haholo lipuisanong tse mabapi le paballo le taolo ea maoatle tabeng ea ho fokotsa ho fetoha ha tlelaemete.”

"Oceanic blue carbon e ka ba karolo e 'ngoe ea lintlha tse sebelisoang ho nts'etsopele maqheka a ho fokotsa phetoho ea maemo a leholimo, ho tšoasa litlhapi ho tsitsitseng, leano la paballo le moralo oa sebaka sa leoatle. Patlisiso ena e koala lekhalo haholo lipakeng tsa leano la paballo ea maoatle le leano la phetoho ea maemo a leholimo 'me e kanna ea ameha haholo liketsong tsa maoatle tse lebelletsoeng ho buisanoa sebokeng sa selemo sena sa Machaba a Kopaneng sa phetoho ea maemo a leholimo ka Pulungoana," oa eketsa.

The Lilemo tse Leshome tsa Machaba a Kopaneng tsa Saense ea Leoatle bakeng sa Ntlafatso ea Moshoelella (2021-2030) e phatlalalitsoeng ka Tšitoe 2017, e tla fana ka moralo o tšoanang ho netefatsa hore mahlale a leoatle a ka tšehetsa ka botlalo liketso tsa linaha tsa ho laola maoatle ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng mme haholo-holo ho fihlela Lenaneo la 2030 la Ntlafatso ea Moshoelella.

Ho fumana lintlha tse ling, ka kopo ikopanye le Steven Lutz (GRID-Arendal): [imeile e sirelelitsoe] kapa Gabriel Grimsditch (UNEP): [imeile e sirelelitsoe] kapa Isabelle Vanderbeck (UNEP): [imeile e sirelelitsoe]