Lihlopha tse fetang 100 li Hanyetsa HR 3133

January 9, 2018 

Setho se Khabane sa Komiti ea Lihloliloeng tsa Ntlo:

Re u khothalletsa ho vouta "che" ho HR 3133, molao-motheo o ka fokolisang Molao oa Tšireletso ea Liphoofolo tsa Leoatleng (MMPA), boitlamo ba sechaba sa rona sa paballo ea liphoofolo tsohle tse anyesang tsa leoatleng: maruarua, li-dolphin, liqibi, litau tsa leoatle, li-walrus, leoatle. li-otters, libere tsa polar le manatee.

E susumetsoa ke tlhokomeliso ea Maamerika ka lebaka la ho fokotseha ho matla ha liphoofolo tse anyesang tsa leoatleng, Congress e ile ea fetisa MMPA ka tšehetso e matla ea li-partisan, 'me Mopresidente Richard Nixon o ile a e saena hore e be molao ka Mphalane 1972. le likepe metsing a US, hammoho le baahi ba Amerika le likepe tse nang le folakha ea US maoatleng a phahameng. Ha tšebeliso ea batho ea leoatle - ho tsamaisa likepe, ho tšoasa litlhapi, nts'etsopele ea matla, ts'ireletso, merafo le bohahlauli - e atoloha, tlhoko ea ho thibela le ho fokotsa litlamorao tse kotsi ho liphoofolo tse anyesang tsa leoatleng e kholo le ho feta ha joale ho feta ha MMPA e ne e etsoa lilemo tse 45 tse fetileng.

Liphoofolo tse anyesang tsa leoatleng li bohlokoa bophelong bo botle ba maoatle, 'me re sa ntsane re e-na le ho hongata hoo re lokelang ho ithuta hona ka karolo ea tsona kaha matla a bophelo a leoatleng a thata ho ithuta ho feta a holim'a lefatše. Ka mohlala, maruarua a maholo—a akarelletsang liphoofolo tse khōlō ka ho fetisisa historing ea bophelo lefatšeng—a fetisa limatlafatsi leoatleng ka ho ea holimo le ka ho rapama ho pholletsa le libaka tse khōlōhali, a tšehetsa mefuta e meng e mengata ea lintho tse phelang metsing.

Liphoofolo tse anyesang tsa metsing le tsona li ruisa moruo oa Amerika haholo. Ka ho boloka li-urchin tsa leoatleng tse jang limela tsa leoatleng le ho thusa meru ea kelp ho hola hape le ho hapa carbon dioxide, California sea otters e ntlafatsa sebaka sa bolulo sa mefuta ea litlhapi tsa khoebo, ho sireletsa lebōpo ho khoholeha ka ho fokotsa matla a maqhubu a leoatle, le ho hohela bahahlauli ka bona. di-antics tse kgahlehang. Likhoebo tsa ho shebella maruarua li atleha sebakeng se seng le se seng se lebōpong la leoatle United States, ka likhoebo tse fetang 450 tsa ho shebella maruarua, limilione tse 5 tsa batho ba shebellang maruarua, le kakaretso ea chelete e kenang e ka bang $ 1 bilione ea bohahlauli ba lebopong ka 2008 (selemo sa morao-rao seo lipalo tsa sona li akaretsang. di teng). Ho sa le joalo, li-manatee li hohela baeti Florida, haholo-holo mariha ha li-manatee li bokana libakeng tse futhumetseng haufi le liliba tsa metsi a hloekileng.

Ha ho phoofolo e le 'ngoe e anyesang ea metsing e fumanehang metsing a US e felileng lilemong tse 45 ho tloha ha MMPA e fetoha molao, joalo ka ha mesebetsi ea batho maoatleng e eketsehile haholo. Ho feta moo, liphoofolo tse anyesang tsa leoatleng li sebetsa betere metsing a US, 'me mefuta e fokolang ea mefuta e kotsing ea ho timela mona ho feta metsing a kantle ho United States. Mefuta e mengata e neng e theohile ho ba maemong a tlase ka mokhoa o kotsi e entse tsoelo-pele e kholo ho khutlisetsoa ha eona 

baahi ba tlas'a tšireletso ea MMPA, ho kenyeletsoa li-porpoise tsa Atlantic le liqibi tsa litlou Lebopong la Bophirimela. Mefuta ena e ntse e ntlafala ka lebaka la MMPA, kahoo e qoba tlhoko ea tšireletso tlas'a Molao oa Likokoana-hloko tse Kotsing (ESA). Baahi ba babeli ba li-humpback whale tse jang United States, hammoho le li-gray whales tse ka bochabela tsa Pacific North le baahi ba bochabela ba Steller sea lions, li ntlafetse haholo ka thuso e eketsehileng ea ESA. 
Leha ho na le katleho ena, MMPA e se e le tlas'a tlhaselo e matla. HR 3133 e batla ho khothaletsa lipatlisiso tse tsosang khang tsa oli le khase kantle ho naha, hammoho le mesebetsi e meng ea indasteri ka maoatleng, ka ho hlakola litšireletso tse bohareng ba MMPA. Bili ena e tla fokolisa haholo litekanyetso tsa molao bakeng sa ho fana ka tumello ea Incidental Harassment Authorizations (IHAs), e thibele bo-ramahlale ba mekhatlo hore ba hloke mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa phokotso, ho fokotsa ka matla ho lekola litlamorao ho liphoofolo tse anyesang tsa leoatleng, le ho beha tsamaiso ea linako tse thata le tumello ea boiketsetso e tla etsa hore ho be bonolo. e etsa hore ho be thata, kapa ho ke ke ha khoneha, hore bo-rasaense ba fane ka tlhahlobo leha e le efe e utloahalang ea mesebetsi e ka 'nang ea e-ba kotsi. Liphello tse mpe tsa liphetoho tsena bakeng sa paballo ea liphoofolo tse anyesang tsa leoatleng e ne e tla ba tse tebileng.

Lipehelo tseo HR 3133 e tla li nyenyefatsa li bohlokoa bakeng sa paballo tlas'a MMPA. Ho hleka-hlekoa ke mesebetsi ea liindasteri ho ka fokolisa mekhoa ea bohlokoa—e kang ho batla lijo, ho ikatisa le ho anyesa—eo liphoofolo tsa metsing li itšetlehileng ka eona hore li phele le ho ikatisa. MMPA e netefatsa hore litlamorao tsa mesebetsi ena li laoloa ka nepo le ho fokotsoa. Ho fokolisa lipehelo tsena tsa mantlha tsa tlhahlobo ea oli le khase le mesebetsi e meng, joalo ka ha HR 3133 e rerile, ho ka beha liphoofolo tse anyesang tsa metsing tsa Amerika kotsing e sa hlokahaleng le ho etsa hore ho be le monyetla o moholo oa hore baahi ba bona ba be kotsing kapa ba be kotsing nakong e tlang.

Le ha ho se na mefuta e anyesang ea metsing ea Amerika e felileng, 'me tse ling li folile, tse ling li tobane le mathata a ho phela, ho kenyeletsoa maruarua a Bryde a Koung ea Mexico, maruarua a bolaeang a bohata Hawaii le Western North Atlantic, maruarua a molomo oa Cuvier karolong e ka leboea ea Pacific, le Sehlekehlekeng sa Pribilof / Pacific Bochabela se nang le liqibi tse ka leboea tsa boea. Bongata ba liphoofolo tsena li kotsing ea ho shoa ka lebaka la ho thulana ha likepe kapa ho tšoasoa ke lisebelisoa tsa ho tšoasa litlhapi, 'me kaofela li tobane le litlamorao tsa khatello ea maikutlo e sa feleng, ho kenyeletsoa lerata la leoatle le tšilafalo, tse fokolisang bokhoni ba tsona ba ho atleha le ho ikatisa.

Ha re koala, re kopa ts'ehetso ea hau bakeng sa molao ona oa paballo ea motheo, le voutu ea hau ea "che" mabapi le HR 3133 ho Komiti ea Tlhaho ea Ntlo hosane. 

ka tieo, 
Likhoebo le mekhatlo e saenneng tse 108 

1. Oceana 
2. Setsi sa Acoustic Ecology 
3. Altamaha Riverkeeper 
4. Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Cetacean 
5. Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Cetacean Oregon Khaolo 
6. Mokhatlo oa Liithuti oa Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Cetacean 
7. Setsi sa Boiketlo ba Liphoofolo 
8. Tšebeletso e Molemo ea Letamo 
9. Blue Frontier 
10.Blue Sphere Foundation 
11.BlueVoice.org 
12.Setsi sa Lebopo la Moshoelella 
13.Setsi sa Mefuta-futa ea Likokoana-hloko 
14.Setsi sa Lipatlisiso tsa Leruarua 
15.Cetacean Society International 
16.Chukchi Sea Watch 
17. Baahi ba Letšolo la Tikoloho 
18.Ketso ea Metsi a Hloekileng 
19.Projeke ea Leano la Tlelaemete le Leano 
20.Coffee Party Savannah 
21.Motheo oa Molao oa Paballo 
22.Maoatle a Mahala a Litšila 
23.Basireletsi ba Liphoofolo tse hlaha 
24.Dogwood Alliance 
25.Earth Action, Inc. 
26.Setsi sa Molao sa Lefatše 
27.Tshiamiso ya lefatshe 
28.Eco Molimotsana 
29.EcoStrings 
30.Endangered Species Coalition 
31.Environmental Caucus, California Democratic Party 
32.Letlōle la Tšireletso ea Tikoloho 
33.Ho fumana 52 LLC 
34.Seboka sa Lijo le Temo 
35.Metsoalle ea Sea Otter 
36.Gotham Whale 
37.Greenpeace USA 
38.Sehlopha sa East End 
39.Kou ea Tsosoloso Network 
40.Hackensack Riverkeeper 
41.Maatla Ho Feta Lehlabathe / Naha 
42.Majalefa Maoatleng a Rona 
43. Sehlopha sa Hip Hop 
44.Letlōle la Molao la Mokhatlo oa Botho 
45.Indivisible Fallbrook 
46.Inland Ocean Coalition & Colorado Ocean Coalition 
47.Inland Ocean Coalition / Colorado Ocean Coalition 
48.Institute for Ocean Conservation Science at Stony Brook University 
49.Letlōle la Machaba la Boiketlo ba Liphoofolo 
50.Projeke ea Machabeng ea Liphoofolo tsa Maoatleng tsa Lefatše la Sehlekehleke sa Lefatše 
51.Kingfisher Eastsound Studio 
52.Liki ea Bakhethi ba Paballo 
53.LegaSeas 
54.Setsi sa Paballo ea Metsing 
55.Marine Mammal Alliance Nantucket 
56.Marine Watch International 
57. Mission Blue 
58.Mize Family Foundation 
59.Mystic Aquarium 
60.Mokhatlo oa Sechaba oa Audubon 
61.Mokhatlo oa Sechaba oa Paballo ea Liphaka 
62.Lekhotla la Tšireletso ea Matlotlo a Tlhaho 
63.Tlhaho ya Tshepo 
64.New England Coastal Wildlife Alliance 
65.NY/NJ Mohlokomeli oa Baykeeper 
66. Patlisiso ea Paballo ea Maoatle 
67.Mokhatlo oa Polokeho ea Leoatle 
68.Lekholo la Maele 
69.Moloko o Mong hape 
70.Orange County Coastkeeper/ Molebedi wa metsi wa Inland Empire 
71.Orca Conservancy 
72.Outer Banks Center bakeng sa Lipatlisiso tsa Dolphin 
73.Tikoloho ea Pacific 
74.Setsi sa Liphoofolo tsa Leoatle la Pacific 
75.PAX Saense 
76.Power Shift Network 
77.Lilebeli tsa Sechaba 
78.Puget Soundkeeper Alliance 
79.Maoatle a Tsosolosang 
80.Basesisi ba Lewatleng 
81.San Diego Hydro 
82.San Fernando Valley Audubon Society 
83.SandyHook SeaLife Foundation (SSF) 
84.Boloka Mabopo a Rona 
85.Save The Bay 
86.Save the Manatee Club 
87.Save the Whales and Oceans 
88.Seattle Aquarium 
89.Shark Stewards 
90.Sierra Club 
Sehlopha sa Naha sa Marine sa 91.Sierra Club 
92.Sonoma Coast Surfrider 
93.South Carolina Coastal Conservation League 
94.Setsi sa Molao sa Tikoloho sa Boroa 
95.Surfrider Foundation 
96.Sylvia Earle Alliance / Mission Blue 
97. Morero oa Dolphin 
98.Mokhatlo oa Humane oa United States 
99. Motheo oa Leoatle 
100. K'hamphani ea Video ea Whale 
101. Mokhatlo oa Lehoatata 
102. Vision Power, LLC. 
103. Lekhotla la Tikoloho la Washington 
104. Libeke Consulting 
105. Paballo ea Leruarua le Li-dolphin 
106. Moemedi wa Leruarua 
107. Morero oa Wild Dolphin 
108. Tšireletso ea Lefatše ea Liphoofolo (US)