Ketso ea ho Drilling Offshore

Nkhono oa ka ea shoeleng e ne e le molumeli oa maele a khale a reng, “U se ke ua tšela mahe a hao kaofela ka basketeng e le ’ngoe.” O ne a tseba hore ho itšetleha ka tsebo e le 'ngoe kapa indasteri e le' ngoe kapa mohloli o le mong oa chelete ke leano le kotsi haholo. Hape o ne a tseba hore boipuso ha bo tšoane le ho busa. O ne a tla tseba hore batho ba Amerika ha baa lokela ho jara moroalo ho ba batlang ho rekisa mahe a rona a sechaba bakeng sa moputso oa bona. Ke sheba 'mapa ho tsoa ho Bureau of Ocean Energy Management mme ke tlameha ho ipotsa-o ne a tla re'ng ka mahe a ka basketeng ee?

"Mosebelisi e moholo ka ho fetisisa oa oli lefatšeng o rometse li-hydrocarbon tse ngata ho feta leha e le neng pele ka 2017 'me ha a bontše matšoao a ho fokotseha. U e reha - oli e tala, peterole, diesel, propane esita le khase ea tlhaho e qhibilihisitsoeng - kaofela li rometsoe kantle ho naha ka lebelo le rekotiloeng. ”

Laura Blewitt, Bloomberg News

Lik'hamphani tsohle tsa matla tse batlang ho etsa phaello ho tsoa mehloling ea sechaba eo e leng ea batho ba United States le meloko e tlang ea Maamerika e na le boikarabelo ba bohlokoa. Ha se boikarabello ba batho ba Amerika ho eketsa phaello ea lik'hamphani tseo, kapa ho fokotsa kotsi ea bona, kapa ho jara moroalo oa ho lefella kotsi leha e le efe e tlang e hlahelang liphoofolo tse hlaha tsa Amerika, linōka, meru, mabōpo a leoatle, mafika a likorale, litoropo, mapolasi, likhoebo kapa batho. Ke boikarabello ba baemeli ba rona ba mmuso makaleng a phethahatso, a boahloli, le a molao, ba leng teng ho emela lithahasello tsa batho ba Amerika. Ke boikarabelo ba bona ho etsa bonnete ba hore kotsi leha e le efe ea kotsi ho mehloli ea sechaba e na le melemo ho batho ba Amerika, mehloli ea rona ea naha, le meloko e tlang e tla itšetleha ka bona.

Libaka tse Ncha tsa Tlhahiso ea Oli le Khase Leoatleng la Rōna:

Ka la 4 Pherekgong, Lefapha la Lefapha la Eneji la Taolo ya Matla a Lewatleng le ile la lokolla leano le letjha la dilemo tse hlano bakeng sa tlhahiso ya eneji Shelf ya Outer Continental metsing a US ho latela taelo ya Moporesidente ka Mmesa o fetileng. Karolo ea morero e tsepamisitse maikutlo holim'a matla a ntseng a eketseha a tlhahiso ea moea o tsoang lebōpong la leoatle 'me boholo bo shebane le ho bula libaka tse ncha tsa ho sebelisoa ha mehloli ea oli le khase. Joalo ka ha u bona 'mapeng, ha ho karolo ea lebopo la rona e shebahalang e lokolohile kotsing (ntle le Florida, kamora 'nete).

Libaka tse haufi le lebopo la Pacific le Kou e ka bochabela ea Mexico li kenyellelitsoe morerong o mocha, hammoho le lihekthere tse fetang limilione tse 100 ho Arctic le haufi le boholo ba Lebopo la Leoatle le ka Bochabela. Boholo ba libaka tse reriloeng, haholo-holo haufi le Lebōpo la Atlantic, ha li e-s'o ka li ts'oaroa-e leng se bolelang hore sefefo, hona joale, le likotsi tse ling tsa ts'ebetso ea matla ha li utloisisoe hantle, hore ha ho na mekhoa e mengata ea ho tšehetsa mesebetsi ea ho cheka, le menyetla e ka bang teng. e kholo bakeng sa kotsi ho baahi ba liphoofolo tse anyesang tsa metsing, litlhapi, linonyana tsa leoatle le lintho tse ling tse phelang leoatleng. Ho boetse ho na le kotsi e kholo maphelong a batho ba limilione ba Maamerika, haholo-holo ba sebetsang bohahlauling, ho tšoasa litlhapi, ho shebella maruarua le temo ea metsing.  

Patlisiso ha e na Molemo:

Tšebeliso ea lithunya tsa moea tse sisinyehang tse phunyeletsang metsing a leoatle ka lebelo la li-decibel tse 250 ho batla mehloli ea oli le khase e se e fetotse leoatle la rōna. Rea tseba hore maruarua, li-dolphin le liphoofolo tse ling tse anyesang tsa leoatleng li utloa bohloko, joalokaha litlhapi le liphoofolo tse ling li utloa bohloko ha li hlaseloa ke tšisinyeho ea lefatše. Lik'hamphani tse etsang liteko tsena li tlameha ho batla ho lokolloa Molaong oa Tšireletso ea Liphoofolo tsa Maoatleng (oo re o hlalositseng ho blog e ngotsoeng 1/12/18). Tshebeletso ya Ditlhapi le Diphoofolo tse hlaha le Tshebeletso ya Naha ya Ditlhapi tsa Lewatleng di tlameha ho hlahloba dikopo le ho lekola kotsi e ka bang teng ho tswa ho diteko tsa ditshisinyeho tsa lefatshe. Haeba li amohetsoe, litumello tseo li lumela hore lik'hamphani li tla ntša kotsi le ho beha boemo bo lumelletsoeng ba "ho nka ka tšohanyetso," poleloana e bolelang ho hlalosa hore na ke liphoofolo tse kae le tsa mofuta ofe tse tla tsoa kotsi kapa li bolaoe ha ho batla libaka tsa polokelo ea oli le khase ho qala. Ho na le ba ipotsang hore na ke hobane'ng ha mekhoa e kotsi joalo, e kholo, e sa nepahalang e ntse e sebelisoa bakeng sa ho hlahloba oli le khase metsing a leoatle ha theknoloji ea 'mapa e se e fihlile ho fihlela joale. Ehlile, mona ke sebaka seo lik'hamphani li ka senyang haholo baahi ba Amerika le mehloli ea leoatle ha ba batla phaello.

Collins le King ba ngotse: "Liindasteri tsena tse mahlonoko li itšetlehile ka metsi a hloekileng a Maine, esita le ho qhalana hanyenyane ho ka senya tikoloho ea Koung ea Maine ka tsela e ke keng ea lokisoa, ho kenyeletsoa le li-lobster le makhala a batho ba baholo a teng moo," ho ngotse Collins le King. "Ho feta moo, tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo ea litšisinyeho tsa lefatše e 'nile ea bontšoa maemong a mang ho senya mekhoa ea ho falla ea litlhapi le liphoofolo tsa leoatleng. Ka mantsoe a mang, re lumela hore kotsi e ka hlahisoang ke lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ea oli le khase mabopong a Maine e feta melemo leha e le efe e ka bang teng. "

Portland Press Herald, 9 Pherekhong 2018

Meralo le Kotsi:

Ha e le hantle, ho cheka ho ke ke ha qala kae kapa kae ka ntle ho Kou ea Mexico neng kapa neng haufinyane. Ho na le mekhoa e lokelang ho thehoa le litlhahiso tse lokelang ho hlahlojoa. Ho hlahisa oli haufi le Leoatle la Atlantic ho emela letsete le leholo ho meaho-ha ho na marang-rang a teng a liphaephe, tsamaiso ea boema-kepe kapa matla a karabelo ea tšohanyetso sebakeng. Ha ho hlake hore litheko tsa oli li tla ts'ehetsa litšenyehelo tse ngata tsa ho aha bokhoni bona bo bocha, leha e le hore ke ts'ebetso e ka bang teng ho latela kotsi e ka bang teng ho batseteli. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ha ho makatse hore ebe moralo o mocha oa lilemo tse hlano ha o e-s'o amoheloe ka matsoho a bulehileng, le hoja ho phunya ha sebele ho se ho fetile lilemo tse ngata, haeba ho etsahala ho hang. 

Scientific American e tlalehile hore ho na le khanyetso e khōlō ea sebaka seo bakeng sa katoloso leha e le efe ea tšebetso ea oli le khase metsing a lebōpong la leoatle: “Bahanyetsi ba akarelletsa babusisi ba New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, California, Oregon le Washington; bomasepala ba lebopo ba fetang 150; le selekane sa likhoebo tse fetang 41,000 500,000 le malapa a XNUMX XNUMX a batšoasi ba litlhapi.”¹ Baetapele bana ba sechaba le ba mmuso ba ile ba kopana khahlano le katoloso e reriloeng ea Mopresidente Obama mme e ile ea tlosoa. Tlhahiso e khutlile, e kholo ho feta pele, mme boemo ba kotsi ha boa fetoha. Baahi ba lebopong la leoatle ba itšetlehileng ka mesebetsi e fapaneng ea moruo le bona ba its'etleha ka ho tseba hore matsete a bona ha a kotsing ea litlamorao tse tsoelang pele tsa mesebetsi ea matla a indasteri kapa ho tsoa ho monyetla oa nnete oa ho lutla, ho qhalana le ho hloleha ha litšebeletso tsa motheo.

Bureau of Ocean Energy Management ('Mapa ha o bontše libaka tsa Alaska, joalo ka Cook Inlet)

Ka 2017, likoluoa ​​​​tsa tlhaho le tse ling li jella naha ea rona ho feta $ 307 limilione tse likete. Ka nako eo re lokelang ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho fokotsa kotsi ho baahi ba rona ba lebopong la leoatle ka ho ntlafatsa meralo ea motheo le ho tiea ha metsi a leoatle a ntse a phahama le lifefo tse matla haholo. Kaofela ha rona re tla lefa ka tsela e 'ngoe kapa e 'ngoe, esita le ka nģ'ane ho tahlehelo e bohloko ho beng ba matlo le likhoebo tse amehileng, le metse ea bona. Ho hlaphoheloa ho tla nka nako le ha libilione tse ling li hloka ho phalla ho ts'ehetsa ho hlaphoheloa ha sechaba sa rona sa Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, California, Texas le Florida. 'Me seo ha se bale lidolara tse ntseng li phalla ho leka ho lokisa kotsi e kholo ea liketsahalo tse fetileng tse kang ho qhalana ha oli ea BP, eo, esita le lilemo tse supileng hamorao, e nang le phello e mpe mehloling ea Kou ea Mexico.  

Ho tloha ka 1950, palo ea baahi ba US e batla e imenne habeli ho batho ba ka bang limilione tse 325, mme palo ea batho lefatšeng ka bophara e tlohile ho limilione tse likete tse 2.2 ho ea ho batho ba fetang limilione tse likete tse 7. Ho feta karolo ea bobeli ho tse tharo ea Maamerika a lula libakeng tse lebōpong la leoatle. Boikarabello ba rona ho meloko e tlang ka hona bo eketsehile haholo-re tlameha ho etsa bonnete ba hore re tsepamisa maikutlo ho netefatsa hore tšebeliso ea rona e fokotsa kotsi, litšila le kotsi. Ho ka etsahala hore ebe moo ho ntšoa ho leng kotsi e kholo ho batho hona joale ho ka tlohelloang meloko e tlang ho fihlella theknoloji eo re ka e nahanang kajeno. Lisebelisoa tse sa lefelloeng 'me li ka fumaneha ka theko e tlaase—phefo, letsatsi le maqhubu a leoatle—li ka sebelisoa ka tsela e seng kotsi haholo ho rōna le melokong e tlang. Ho khotsofatsa litlhoko tsa rona ka boqapi bo bohlale bo bitsang chelete e nyane ho bo sebetsa le ho bo hlokomela ke leano le leng le sebelisang mofuta oa moea oa boiqapelo oo e leng lefa la rona.

Kajeno re hlahisa matla a mangata ho feta ao re kileng ra ba le ’ona—ho akarelletsa le oli e ngata le khase. Re lokela ho ipotsa hore na ke hobane'ng ha re lokela ho khothalletsa mesebetsi e kotsi haholo ea ho ntša mehloli ea matla e tla romelloa linaheng tse ling, ho siea kotsi feela bakeng sa rona. Re khotsofatsa litlhoko tsa rona tsa matla ka mehloli e mengata e fapaneng e ntseng e eketseha 'me re loanela ho sebetsa hantle le ho feta hore re se ke ra senya lefa la rona la bohlokoa.

Hona joale ha se nako ea ho eketsa kotsi le kotsi metsing a leoatle a United States. Joale ke nako ea ho ikemela bakeng sa meloko e tlang. Joale ke nako ea ho etsa lefa la rona hore e be la nala. Hona joale ke nako ea ho tsetela likhethong tsa matla tse fanang ka seo re se hlokang ka kotsi e fokolang maphelong a limilione tsa Maamerika. Hona joale ke nako ea ho sireletsa metsi a rona a leoatle, metse ea rona e lebōpong la leoatle, le libōpuoa tse hlaha tse bitsang leoatle lehae la rona.  

¹ Trump e Bula Metsi a Mangata ho ea ho Cheba ka Leoatleng, ka Brittany Patterson, Zack Coleman, Climate Wire. 5 Pherekhong 2018

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/trump-opens-vast-waters-to-offshore-drilling/

Collins le King ho Feds Boloka Ho Cheka Oli le Khase Hole le Lebopo la Maine, ka Kevin Miller, Portland Press Herald, 9 Pherekhong 2018 http://www.pressherald.com/2018/01/08/collins-and-king-to-feds-keep-oil-and-gas-drilling-away-from-maines-coastline/?utm_source=Headlines&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Daily&utm_source=Press+Herald+Newsletters&utm_campaign=a792e0cfc9-PPH_Daily_Headlines_Email&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_b674c9be4b-a792e0cfc9-199565341

US e Romella Oli le Khase ka Nako e Rekotileng, Laura Blewitt, Bloomberg News, 12 Dec 2017 https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-12-12/u-s-fuels-the-world-as-shale-boom-powers-record-oil-exports

Trump e Bula Metsi a Mangata ho ea ho Cheba ka Leoatleng, ka Brittany Patterson, Zack Coleman, Climate Wire. Scientific American la 5 Pherekhong 2018   
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/trump-opens-vast-waters-to-offshore-drilling/