Karolo ea 2: Liphello tsa ho phatloha - seo leoatle le se isang hae

Ka Angel Braestrup, Molula-setulo, Boto ea Baeletsi, The Ocean Foundation

Lefatšeng lohle, 2012 le 2013 li tla hopoloa ka lipula tse sa tloaelehang, lifefo tse matla, le likhohola tse e-s'o ka li e-ba teng ho tloha Bangladesh ho ea Argentina; ho tloha Kenya ho ea Australia. Keresemese ea 2013 e ile ea tlisa sefefo se matla ka tsela e sa tloaelehang mathoasong a mariha ka likhohola tse kotsi le liphello tse ling St. Lucia, Trinidad le Tobago; le lichaba tse ling tsa lihlekehleke, tse kang United Kingdom moo lifefo tse ling li ileng tsa eketsa tšenyo ho tloha qalong ea khoeli ea December. Ebile ha se pheletsong ea leoatle feela moo sechaba se ikutloang se fetoha. 

Hoetla hona feela, Colorado e bile le ketsahalo e 'ngoe ea moroallo oa lilemo tse 1000 ho tloha lifefong tse eang lithabeng ho tloha metsing a futhumetseng a Pacific. Ka Pulungoana, lifefo le lifefo li ile tsa baka tšenyo e fetang lidolara tse bilione ho pholletsa le Midwest. Hape, bothata bona ba lithōle bo ile ba tobana le baahi ba anngoeng ke koluoa ​​​​joalo ka Japane ka mor'a tsunami ea 2011, sehlekehlekeng sa Leyte sa Philippines se tsoang Leholiotsoana Haiyan ka 2013, New York le New Jersey ka mor'a Superstorm Sandy ka 2012, le Gulf Coast. ka mor'a Katrina, Ike, Gustav, le lifefo tse ling tse mashome a mabeli lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng.

Blog ea ka e fetileng e buile ka maqhubu a metsi a tsoang leoatleng, ebang ke lifefo kapa litšisinyeho tsa lefatše, le tšenyo eo e e sieang fatše. Leha ho le joalo, hase feela ho phalla ha metsi a phallang ka sekhahla ho senyang mehloli e mengata ea lebōpo la leoatle—e entsoeng ke batho le ea tlhaho. Ke se etsahalang ha metsi ao a khutla hape, a nkile lithōle tse tsoang mathateng a tsona a senyang le sopho e rarahaneng e hulang metsoako e tsoang mohahong o mong le o mong oo o fetang ho oona, tlas'a sinki e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe, ka kamoreng e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea mohlokomeli, lebenkele la mechine ea likoloi le e omileng. bohloeki, hammoho le eng kapa eng eo metsi a e nkang meqomong ea lithōle, lithōle, libakeng tsa kaho, le libakeng tse ling tse hahiloeng.

Bakeng sa maoatle, ha rea ​​lokela ho nahana feela ka sefefo kapa tsunami, empa ha rea ​​​​lokela ho nahana ka liphello tsa eona. Ho hloekisa ka mor'a lifefo tsena ke mosebetsi o moholohali o sa lekanyetsoang feela ho omisa likamore tse nang le likhohola, ho nkela likoloi tse nang le likhohola sebaka, kapa ho nchafatsa litselana tsa maoto. Ebile ha e sebetsane le lithaba tsa lifate tse heletsoang, liqubu tsa mahoholi le litopo tsa liphoofolo tse khangoang ke metsi. E 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea sefefo se seholo sa sefefo kapa liketsahalo tsa tsunami li tsamaisa maloanlahla, maro a chefo le tšilafalo e 'ngoe ho li khutlisetsa leoatleng.

Metsi a khutlang a ka nka lihloekisi tsohle tlas'a lisinki tse likete, pente eohle ea khale ka likaracheng tse likete, peterole kaofela, oli le lihatsetsi tse tsoang likoloing tse likete le lisebelisoa, ebe o li kopanya sopho e chefo e felletseng le tsohle. ho hlatsuoa ka morao ho tloha litsing tsa likhoerekhoere le polasetiki le lijana tse ling tseo e neng e tšoaretsoe ka tsona. e se e ntse e loana le liphello tsa tsoelo-pele ea motho. Eketsa lithane tse likete tse 'maloa tsa makala a lifate, mahlaku, lehlabathe le litšila tse ling tse hoholoang hammoho le eona 'me ho na le monyetla oa ho pupetsa libaka tse ntseng li atleha tsa mobu oa leoatle, ho tloha ho li-shellfish ho ea ho mafika a coral ho ea makhulong a leoatle.

Ha re na tlhophiso e hlophisehileng bakeng sa litlamorao tsa likhohola tsena tse senyang tsa metsi ho pholletsa le libaka tse lebopong la leoatle, merung, mekhoabong le mehloling e meng. Haeba e ne e le tšenyo e tloaelehileng ea indasteri, re ne re tla ba le mokhoa oa ho matlafatsa tlōlo ea molao bakeng sa ho hloekisa le ho tsosolosa. Joalo ka ha ho le joalo, ha re na mokhoa oa ho netefatsa hore lik'hamphani le sechaba se sireletsa chefo ea bona hamolemo pele sefefo se fihla, leha e le ho rera liphello tsa lintho tseo kaofela tse phallelang hammoho metsing a haufi le lebōpo hang-hang. Ka mor'a tsunami ea Japane ea 2011, tšenyo ea setsi sa matla a nyutlelie sa Fukushima le eona e ile ea eketsa metsi a silafetseng a nang le mahlaseli a kotsi ho motsoako - masala a chefo a seng a ntse a bonahala ka har'a liphoofolo tsa leoatleng tse kang tuna.

Re tlameha ho fetohela ho itokisetseng lifefo tse matla haholo tse nang le lipula tse matla le mohlomong tse matla ho feta tseo re neng re e-na le tsona nakong e fetileng. Re lokela ho nahana ka liphello tsa likhohola, sefefo le likhohola tse ling tsa tšohanyetso. Re lokela ho nahana ka hore na re haha ​​joang le hore na re sebelisa eng. ’Me re tlameha ho tsosolosa litsamaiso tsa tlhaho tse sebetsang e le lintho tse monyang tšabo bakeng sa baahisani ba rōna ba tlokotsing ka ho fetisisa ba leoatleng le ba nang le metsi a hloekileng—marabo, meru e lebōpong la leoatle, litutulu—litšireletseho tsohle tsa tlhaho tse tšehetsang bophelo bo ruileng le bo bongata ba metsing.

Joale re ka etsa’ng ha re tobane le matla a joalo? Re ka thusa joang hore metsi a rona a lule a phetse hantle? Ho lokile, re ka qala ka seo re se sebelisang letsatsi le letsatsi. Sheba ka tlas'a sinki ea hau. Sheba ka karacheng. U boloka eng e lokelang ho lahloa hantle? Ke linkho tsa mofuta ofe tse ka nkang sebaka sa polasetiki? Ke lihlahisoa life tseo u ka li sebelisang tse tla sireletseha moeeng, mobung le leoatleng haeba ho ka etsahala ntho e sa lebelloang? U ka boloka thepa ea hau joang, ho ea fihla liqoakeng tsa lithōle, e le hore u se ke ua ba karolo ea bothata ka phoso? Sechaba sa heno se ka kopana joang ho nahana esale pele?

Baahi ba rona ba ka shebana le libaka tsa tlhaho tseo e leng karolo ea lits'ebetso tsa metsing tse phetseng hantle tse ka arabelang hamolemo ho koaheloa ha metsi ka tšohanyetso, lithōle, chefo le mantle. Makhulo a ka hare ho naha le a lebōpong la leoatle, meru e haufi le mabōpo a leoatle, meru ea lehlabathe le lifate tsa mangrove ke tse ling tsa libaka tse mongobo tseo re ka li sireletsang le ho li tsosolosa.[1] Liphula li lumella metsi a kenang hore a hasane, le metsi a phallang ho hasana, le hore metsi 'ohle a sefshoe pele a kena letšeng, nōkeng kapa leoatleng ka bolona. Libaka tsena tsa bolulo li ka sebetsa joalo ka libaka tsa polokelo, ho re lumella ho li hloekisa habonolo. Joalo ka litsamaiso tse ling tsa tlhaho, libaka tse fapaneng tsa bolulo li tšehetsa litlhoko tsa mefuta e mengata ea maoatle hore e hole, e ikatise le ho atleha. 'Me ke bophelo bo botle ba baahisani ba rona ba maoatle boo re batlang ho bo sireletsa khahlanong le likotsi tse entsoeng ke batho tsa mekhoa ena e mecha ea lipula tse bakang tšitiso e ngata ho sechaba sa batho le mekhoa ea mabopo.

[1] Tšireletso ea tlhaho e ka sireletsa mabopo hamolemo, http://www.climatecentral.org/news/natural-defenses-can-best-protect-coasts-says-study-16864