Ho Sireletsa tse bonoang le tse sa bonoeng: Leoatle la Sargasso

Mongoli: Mark J. Spalding

Tokollo ea morao tjena ea New Scientist e qotsitse “eels spawning” e le e ’ngoe ea lintho tse 11 tseo re tsebang hore li teng, empa ha ho mohla re kileng ra li bona. Ke ’nete—tšimoloho esita le boholo ba mekhoa ea ho falla ea li-eel tsa Amerika le tsa Europe hangata ha li tsejoe ho fihlela li fihla e le li-eel (elvers) melomong ea linōka tse ka leboea selemo le selemo. Bongata ba potoloho ea bophelo ba bona bo bapala ka holim'a pono ea batho. Seo re se tsebang ke hore bakeng sa li-eel tsena, feela joalokaha ka mefuta e meng e mengata, Leoatle la Sargasso ke sebaka seo li se hlokang hore li atlehe.

Ho tloha ka la 20 Hlakubele ho isa la 22nd, Komisi ea Leoatle la Sargasso e ile ea kopana Key West, Florida Setsing sa NOAA Eco-Discovery moo. Lena ke lekhetlo la pele hore Likhomishenara kaofela li kopane ho tloha ha likhomishenara tsa morao-rao (ho kenyeletsoa le 'na) li phatlalatsoa ka Loetse o fetileng.

Joale file ea Komisi ea Leoatle la Sargasso? E thehiloe ke se tsejoang e le "Phatlalatso ea Hamilton" ea Hlakubele 2014, e thehileng bohlokoa ba tikoloho le baeloji ea Leoatle la Sargasso. Phatlalatso e boetse e hlahisitse mohopolo oa hore Leoatle la Sargasso le hloka puso e khethehileng e tsepamisitsoeng tlhokomelong ea paballo le hoja boholo ba eona bo le ka ntle ho meeli ea matla a naha leha e le efe.

Key West e ne e le nakong ea khefu ea selemo ka ho feletseng, e leng se entseng hore batho ba bangata ba shebelle ha re ntse re tsamaea re khutlela setsing sa NOAA. Leha ho le joalo, ka har'a liboka tsa rōna, re ne re tsepamisitse maikutlo haholo mathateng ana a bohlokoa ho feta ho sireletsa letlalo letsatsing le margaritas.

1. Ntlha ea pele, Leoatle la Sargasso la lisekoere-milione tse 2 ha le na lebōpo la leoatle ho hlalosa meeli ea lona (ka hona ha le na metse e lebōpong la leoatle ho le sireletsa). 'Mapa oa Leoatle ha o kenyeletse EEZ ea Bermuda (naha e haufi), ka hona e ka ntle ho matla a naha leha e le efe ho seo re se bitsang maoatle a phahameng.
2. Ea bobeli, ha e na meeli ea lefats'e, Leoatle la Sargasso le hlalosoa ke maqhubu a etsang gyre, moo bophelo ba leoatle bo leng bongata ka tlas'a meseme ea sargassum e phaphametseng. Ka bomalimabe, eona gyre eo e thusa ho tšoasa lipolasetiki le tšilafalo e ’ngoe e amang li-eel, litlhapi, likolopata, makhala le libōpuoa tse ling tse phelang moo hampe.
3. Ntlha ea boraro, Leoatle ha le utloisisoe hantle, ebang ke pono ea puso kapa ea saense, leha e le hore le tsejoa ka bohlokoa ba lona ho litlhapi le litšebeletso tse ling tsa maoatle tse hōle.

Morero oa Komisi kopanong ena e ne e le ho hlahloba se finyeletsoeng ke Bongoli ba Komisi, ho utloa tse ling tsa liphuputso tsa morao-rao tse mabapi le Leoatle la Sargasso, le ho beha lintho tse tlang pele bakeng sa selemo se tlang.

Kopano e qalile ka kenyelletso ea morero oa ho etsa limmapa o bitsoang COVERAGE (CONVERAGE is CEOS (Committee on Earth Observation Satellites) Obona Vhlahella Arranging Research le Application for GEO (Group on Earth Observations)e ileng ea kopanngoa ke NASA le Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL CalTech). TŠEBELETSO e reretsoe ho kopanya litebello tsohle tsa sathelaete ho kenyeletsoa moea, maqhubu, mocheso o holim'a leoatle le letsoai, chlorophyll, 'mala joalo-joalo le ho theha sesebelisoa sa pono ea ho beha leihlo maemo a Leoatleng la Sargasso e le mofofisi bakeng sa boiteko ba lefatše lohle. Khomishene e bonahala e le bonolo ho mosebedisi mme e tla ba teng bakeng sa rona ho Khomishene ho etsa liteko nakong ea likhoeli tse ka bang 3. Bo-ramahlale ba NASA le JPL ba ne ba batla likeletso tsa rona mabapi le lisebelisoa tsa data tseo re ka ratang ho li bona le ho khona ho koahela lintlha tse seng li ntse li le teng ho tsoa lipatlisong tsa satellite tsa NASA. Mehlala e ne e kenyelletsa ho lateloa ha likepe le ho sala morao liphoofolo tse tšoailoeng. Indasteri ea lihlapi, indasteri ea oli le khase, le lefapha la ts'ireletso le se le ntse le e-na le lisebelisoa tse joalo ho ba thusa ho fihlela mesebetsi ea bona, kahoo sesebelisoa sena se secha ke sa baetsi ba melaoana, hammoho le batsamaisi ba mehloli ea tlhaho.

Khomishene le boramahlale ba NASA/JPL ba ile ba arohana ka dikopano tse tshwanang mme bakeng sa rona, re ile ra qala ka ho ananela maikemisetso a Khomishene ya rona:

• ho tsoela pele ho lemoha bohlokoa ba tikoloho le ba tlhaho ba Leoatle la Sargasso;
• khothatso ea lipatlisiso tsa saense ho utloisisa Leoatle la Sargasso hamolemo; le
• ho hlahisa litlhahiso tsa ho fana ka mekhatlo ea machaba, ea libaka le ea libaka e le ho ntšetsa pele merero ea Phatlalatso ea Hamilton.

Ka mor'a moo re ile ra hlahloba boemo ba likarolo tse fapaneng tsa moralo oa mosebetsi oa rona, ho kenyelletsa:

• bohlokoa ba tikoloho le mesebetsi ea bohlokoa
• mesebetsi ea ho tšoasa litlhapi ka pel'a Khomishene ea Machabeng ea Paballo ea Li-tunas tsa Atlantic (ICCAT) le Mokhatlo oa Litlhapi oa Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organisation.
• mesebetsi ea likepe, ho kopanyelletsa le tse ka pel'a Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Maritime
• likhoele tse ka tlas'a leoatle le mesebetsi ea merafo e ka tlas'a leoatle, ho kenyeletsoa le tse ka pel'a Lekhotla la Machaba la Seabed
• maano a taolo ea mefuta e fallang, ho kenyeletsoa le tse ka pele ho Tumellano ea Mefuta e Fallang le Tumellano ea Khoebo ea Machaba ea Mefuta e Kotsing ea ho Fela.
• mme qetellong karolo ya taolo ya data le tlhahisoleseding, le hore na e ne e tla kopanngwa jwang mererong ya tsamaiso

Khomishene e ile ea nahana ka lihlooho tse ncha, tse neng li kenyelletsa tšilafalo ea polasetiki le litšila tsa leoatle ka har'a gyre e hlalosang Leoatle la Sargasso; le karolo ea monyetla oa ho fetola litsamaiso tsa maoatle tse ka amang tsela ea Kou ea Joale le maqhubu a mang a maholo a etsang Leoatle la Sargasso.

Sea Education Association (WHOI) e na le lilemo tse 'maloa tsa data ho tsoa ho trawl ho bokella le ho hlahloba tšilafalo ea polasetiki Leoatleng la Sargasso. Tlhahlobo ea pele e bontša hore boholo ba maloanlahla ana a ka ’na a tsoa likepeng ’me ke ho hlōleha ho lumellana le MARPOL (Tumellano ea Machaba ea Thibelo ea Tšilafalo ea Likepe) ho e-na le mehloli e thehiloeng mobung ea tšilafalo ea leoatle.

Jwaloka EBSA (Ecologically or Biologically Significant Marine Area), Lewatle la Sargasso le lokela ho nkuwa e le sebaka sa bodulo sa bohlokwa bakeng sa mefuta ya pelagic (ho kenyeletswa le mehlodi ya botshwasi ba dihlapi). Re nahanne ka sena, re buisane ka moelelo oa lipakane tsa rona le moralo oa mosebetsi mabapi le Qeto ea Kopano e Akaretsang ea Machaba a Kopaneng ea ho phehella kopano e ncha e shebaneng le mefuta-futa ea lihloliloeng tse fetang matla a naha (bakeng sa paballo le ts'ebeliso e tsitsitseng ea maoatle a phahameng). Karolong e 'ngoe ea lipuisano tsa rona, re ile ra botsa lipotso mabapi le monyetla oa ho ba le khohlano pakeng tsa li-commissions, haeba Komisi ea Leoatle la Sargasso e ka beha mokhoa oa paballo e sebelisa molao-motheo oa ho itšireletsa 'me e itšetlehile ka mekhoa e metle ka ho fetisisa ea saense bakeng sa ts'ebetso Leoatleng. Ho na le litsi tse 'maloa tse ikarabellang bakeng sa likarolo tse fapaneng tsa maoatle a phahameng,' me litsi tsena li tsepamisitse maikutlo ho feta 'me mohlomong ha li nke pono e akaretsang ea maoatle a phahameng ka kakaretso, kapa haholo-holo Leoatle la Sargasso.

Ha rona re le komisi re kopana hape le bo-ramahlale, re ile ra lumellana hore sepheo se seholo sa tšebelisano-'moho e kenyelletsa tšebelisano ea likepe le sargassum, boitšoaro ba liphoofolo le ts'ebeliso ea Leoatle la Sargasso, le ho etsa 'mapa oa ho tšoasa litlhapi kamanong le thuto ea 'mele le ea lik'hemik'hale leoatleng. Leoatle. Re boetse re bontšitse thahasello e kholo ho lipolasetiki le maloanlahla a leoatle, hammoho le karolo ea Leoatle la Sargasso ho lipotoloho tsa metsi le boemo ba leholimo.

Ke motlotlo ho sebetsa komising ena le batho ba nahanang joalo. 'Me ke arolelana pono ea Dr. Sylvia Earle ea hore Leoatle la Sargasso le ka sireletsoa, ​​le lokela ho sireletsoa, ​​le ho sireletsoa. Seo re se hlokang ke moralo oa lefats'e oa libaka tsa ts'ireletso ea maoatle likarolong tsa leoatle tse fetang matla a naha. Sena se hloka tšebelisano-'moho mabapi le tšebeliso ea libaka tsena, e le hore re fokotse tšusumetso le ho netefatsa hore mehloli ena ea tšepo ea sechaba eo e leng ea moloko oa batho e arolelanoa ka toka. Li-eels tsa masea le likolopata tsa leoatle li itšetlehile ka eona. Le rōna re etsa joalo.