Ho Sireletsa Metsi ho Lefatše Lohle, Joale le Hona Joale: Kopano ea Ramsar

ka Luke Moholo
Sabine Wetlands Walk, Hackberry, Louisiana (Senepe ka tumello ea Libaka tsa Bohahlauli le Liketsahalo tsa Louisiana - Peter A Mayer Advertising / Assoc. Creative Director: Neil Landry; Baokameli ba li- Account: Fran McManus & Lisa Costa; Art Production: Janet Riehlmann)
Sabine Wetlands Walk, Hackberry, Louisiana (Senepe ka tumello ea Libaka tsa Bohahlauli le Liketsahalo tsa Louisiana - Peter A Mayer Advertising / Assoc. Creative Director: Neil Landry; Baokameli ba li- Account: Fran McManus & Lisa Costa; Art Production: Janet Riehlmann)

Selemo se seng le se seng, baahi ba mabōpong ba tšoenyehileng ba shebella ponelopele ea hore ho tla ba le lifefo tse tlang tsa tropike—tse tsejoang e le maholiotsoana kapa lifefo ha li hōla, ho itšetlehile ka hore na li hokae. Ha lifefo tseo li atamela naha, joalokaha Leholiotsoana Isaac le ile la etsa bofelong ba khoeli e fetileng, baahi ba tseleng ea sefefo ba hopotsoa ka bohlokoa ba mekhoabo e lebōpong la leoatle, meru le libaka tse ling tsa bolulo ho ba sireletsa liphellong tse mpe ka ho fetisisa tsa sefefo.

Lefatšeng la kajeno la ho phahama ha maemo a leoatle le boemo ba leholimo bo futhumetseng, libaka tse metsi le mekhoa e metle ea tikoloho ea mekhoa e metle ke karolo ea ho ikamahanya le maemo a leholimo le phokotso. Ho feta moo, mekhoabo ke mohloli oa bohlokoa oa moruo, saense le boithabiso. Leha ho le joalo litsamaiso tsena tsa tikoloho li tobane le ho senyeha le ho senngoa.
RAMSARHo ka ba le tahlehelo e ke keng ea lokisoa ea mekhoabo ka lebaka la ho kenella ha nts'etsopele ea mekhoabo ho tloha lehlakoreng la mobu, le khoholeho ea libaka tsa mekhoabo ho tsoa metsing ka lebaka la litsela tsa metsi tse entsoeng ke batho le mesebetsi e meng. Lilemong tse fetang 40 tse fetileng, lichaba li ile tsa kopana hammoho ho hlokomela bohlokoa ba mekhoabo le libaka tsa bolulo tse haufi le tsona, le ho theha moralo oa tšireletso ea tsona. Tumellano ea Ramsar ke tumellano ea machaba e reretsoeng ho thusa ho thibela tšitiso ena, hammoho le ho tšehetsa matsapa a ho tsosolosa, ho tsosolosa le ho baballa mekhoabo lefatšeng ka bophara. Tumellano ea Ramsar e sireletsa mekhoabo bakeng sa mesebetsi le lits'ebeletso tsa eona tse ikhethang tsa tikoloho le tikoloho, joalo ka taolo ea tsamaiso ea metsi le bolulo boo ba fanang ka bona bakeng sa mefuta-futa ea lihloliloeng ho tloha boemong ba tikoloho ho ea fihla boemong ba mefuta.
Tumellano ea mantlha ea Lithaba tse mongobo e ne e tšoaretsoe toropong ea Iran ea Ramsar ka 1971. Ka 1975, Tumellano e ne e se e sebetsa ka botlalo, e fana ka moralo oa ts'ebetso ea naha le ea machabeng le tšebelisano-mmoho bakeng sa ts'ireletso le tlhokomelo e tsitsitseng ea mekhoabo le mehloli ea tsona ea tlhaho le lits'ebeletso. . Tumellano ea Ramsar ke selekane sa mebuso e tlamang linaha tseo e leng litho ho boloka botsitso ba tikoloho ea libaka tse itseng tsa mekhoabo le ho boloka tšebeliso e tsitsitseng ea mekhoabo ena. Polelo ea maikemisetso a kopano ena ke “polokelo le tšebeliso e bohlale ea mekhoabo eohle ka liketso tsa lehae, tsa tikoloho le tsa naha le tšebelisano-’moho ea machaba, e le tlatsetso e lebisang ho fihlelleng nts’etsopele ea moshoelella lefatšeng ka bophara”.
Tumellano ea Ramsar e ikhethile boitekong bo bong bo tšoanang ba tikoloho ea lefatše ka litsela tse peli tsa bohlokoa. Ntlha ea pele, ha e amane le tsamaiso ea Machaba a Kopaneng ea Litumellano tsa Multilateral Environmental Agreements, le hoja e sebetsa le li-MEA tse ling le mekhatlo e ikemetseng 'me ke selekane se hlokomelehang se amanang le litumellano tse ling tsohle tse amanang le mefuta-futa ea lihloliloeng. Ea bobeli, ke eona feela selekane sa lefats'e sa tikoloho se sebetsanang le tsamaiso e itseng ea tikoloho: libaka tse mongobo. Kopano e sebelisa tlhaloso e batlang e batsi ea mekhoabo, e kenyeletsang “ mekhoabo le mekhoabo, matša le linōka, makhulo le makhulo a mongobo, maoatle, matsoapo, matsoapo a leoatle, libaka tse haufi le lebōpo la leoatle, lifate tsa mangrove le mafika a likorale, le tse entsoeng ke batho. libaka tse kang matangoana a litlhapi, masimo a raese, matamo le lipane tsa letsoai.”
Lejoe la sehlooho la Tumellano ea Ramsar ke Lenane la Ramsar la Libaka tse mongobo tsa Bohlokoa ba Machabeng, lethathamo la libaka tse mongobo tsohle tseo Tumellano e li khethileng e le libaka tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa bophelo bo botle ba mehloli ea maoatle le maoatle lefatšeng ka bophara.
Sepheo sa Lethathamo ke ho “ntlafatsa le ho boloka marang-rang a machaba a mekhoabo a bohlokoa bakeng sa paballo ea mefuta-futa ea lintho tse phelang lefatšeng le ho boloka bophelo ba batho ka ho hlokomela likarolo tsa bona tsa tikoloho, mekhoa le melemo/litšebeletso.” Ka ho kenela Tumellano ea Ramsar, naha ka 'ngoe e tlamehile ho khetha bonyane sebaka se le seng sa mekhoabo e le Sebaka sa Metsi sa Bohlokoa ba Machaba, ha libaka tse ling li khethiloe ke linaha tse ling tseo e leng litho bakeng sa ho kenyeletsoa lethathamong la mekhoabo e khethiloeng.
Mehlala e meng ea Ramsar Wetlands ea Bohlokoa ba Machabeng e fumanehang Amerika Leboea e kenyelletsa Chesapeake Bay Estuarine Complex (USA), Laguna de Términos Reserve e Campeche (Mexico), sebaka sa polokelo se pheletsong e ka boroa ea Isla de la Juventud ea Cuba, Everglades National Park e. Florida (USA), le sebaka sa Alaska se Fraser River Delta ea Canada. Sebaka sefe kapa sefe sa Ramsar se nang le bothata ba ho boloka bots'epehi ba tikoloho le tsa tlhaho tse thehiloeng ke Tumellano se ka beoa lethathamong le ikhethileng mme se ka fumana thuso ea botekgeniki ho rarolla mathata ao sebaka se tobaneng le ona. Ho feta moo, dinaha di ka etsa kopo ya ho fumana tshehetso ka Letlole la Ramsar Small Grants Fund le Wetlands for the future Fund bakeng sa ho phethela diporojeke tsa paballo ya mobu o mongobo. US National Fish and Wildlife Service e sebetsa e le setsi se etelletseng pele bakeng sa libaka tse 34 tsa Ramsar tse US le tšebelisano le linaha tse ling.
Tumellano ea Ramsar e na le Seboka sa Mekha ea Konteraka (COP) lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse tharo ho buisana le ho khothaletsa tšebeliso e tsoelang pele ea litataiso le maano a Tumellano. Mabapi le mosebetsi oa letsatsi le letsatsi, ho na le Bongoli ba Ramsar Gland, Switzerland, ba tsamaisang Tumellano ea machaba. Boemong ba naha, Mokha o mong le o mong oa Konteraka o na le Bolaoli bo khethiloeng ba Tsamaiso bo okametseng ts'ebetsong ea litataiso tsa Tumellano naheng ea bona ka ho fapana. Le hoja Tumellano ea Ramsar e le boiteko ba machaba, Tumellano e boetse e khothalletsa linaha tseo e leng litho ho theha likomiti tsa naha tsa mekhoabo ea tsona, ho kenyelletsa lipuisano tsa mekhatlo ea mekhatlo e ikemetseng, le ho kenyelletsa boitlamo ba mekhatlo ea sechaba boitekong ba bona ba paballo ea mekhoabo.
Phupu ea 2012 e bile Seboka sa bo11 sa Seboka sa Mekha ea Likonteraka tsa Kopano ea Ramsar, se neng se tšoaretsoe Bucharest, Romania. Moo, ho ile ha totobatsoa kamoo bohahlauli bo tsitsitseng ba libaka tse metsi bo tlatsetsang moruong oa tikoloho.
Seboka se ile sa phethela ka thoriso e hlomphang mosebetsi o moholo o entsoeng, le kananelo ea tlhokahalo ea mamello e tsoelang pele le boitelo ho paballo ea mekhoabo le tsosoloso lefatšeng ka bophara. Ho latela pono ea paballo ea maoatle, Tumellano ea Ramsar e ts'ehetsa ts'ireletso ea e 'ngoe ea litšiea tsa bohlokoahali tsa bophelo ba maoatle.
United States of America: 34 Ramsar Sites, 4,122,916.22 Acres ho tloha ka la 15 Phuptjane 2012 (Mohloli: USFWS)

Setšabelo sa Sechaba sa Liphoofolo tse hlaha tsa Ash Meadows 18/12/86    
Nevada
9,509 ha
Bolinas Lagoon 01/09/98    
California
445 ha
Cache-Lower White Rivers 21/11/89    
Arkansas
81,376 ha
Cache River-Cypress Creek Wetlands 01/11/94    
Illinois
24,281 ha
Caddo Lake 23/10/93    
Texas
7,977 ha
Letša la Catahoula 18/06/91    
Louisiana
12,150 ha
Chesapeake Bay Estuarine Complex 04/06/87    
Virginia
45,000 ha
Cheyenne Bottoms 19/10/88    
Kansas
10,978 ha
Congaree National Park 02/02/12    
South Carolina
10,539 ha
Connecticut River Estuary & Tidal Wetlands Complex 14/10/94    
Connecticut
6,484 ha
Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary 23/03/09    
Florida
5,261 ha
Delaware Bay Estuary 20/05/92    
Delaware, New Jersey
51,252 ha
Edwin B Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge 18/12/86    
jeresi New
13,080 ha
Everglades National Park 04/06/87    
Florida
610,497 ha
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6,438 ha
Grassland Ecological Area 02/02/05    
California
65,000 ha
Humbug Marsh 20/01/10    
Michigan
188 ha
Horicon Marsh 04/12/90    
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12,912 ha
Izembek Lagoon National Wildlife Setšabelo 18/12/86    
Alaska
168,433 ha
Kakagon le Bad River Sloughs 02/02/12    
Wisconsin
4,355 ha
Kawainui le Hamakua Marsh Complex 02/02/05    
Hawaii
414 ha
Laguna de Santa Rosa Wetland Complex 16/04/10    
California
1576 ha
Setšabelo sa Sechaba sa Liphoofolo Tse Hlaha sa Okefenokee 18/12/86    
Georgia, Florida
162,635 ha
Setšabelo sa Sechaba sa Liphoofolo Tse hlaha Palmyra Atoll 01/04/11    
Hawaii
204,127 ha
Setšabelo sa Sechaba sa Liphoofolo Tse Hlaha Sehlekehlekeng sa Pelican 14/03/93    
Florida
1,908 ha
Setšabelo sa Sechaba sa Liphoofolo Tse Hlaha sa Quivira 12/02/02    
Kansas
8,958 ha
Roswell Artesian Wetlands 07/09/10    
New Mexico
917 ha
Setšabelo sa Naha sa Liphoofolo Tse Hlaha tsa Letša la Lehlabathe 03/08/98    
South Dakota
8,700 ha
Setšabelo sa Sue le Wes Dixon Waterfowl ho Hennepin &
Hopper Lakes 02/02/12    
Illinois
1,117 ha
The Emiquon Complex 02/02/12    
Illinois
5,729 ha
Tijuana River National Estuarine Research Reserve 02/02/05    
California
1,021 ha
Tomales Bay 30/09/02    
California
2,850 ha
Libaka tse Metsi tsa Likhohola tsa Noka ea Mississippi 05/01/10    
Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois
122,357 ha
Wilma H. ​​Schiermeier Olentangy River Wetland Research Park 18/04/08    
Ohio
21 ha
Luke Elder o ile a sebeletsa e le TOF ea ho etsa lipatlisiso lehlabula intern bakeng sa lehlabula la 2011. Selemong se latelang o ile a qeta ho ithuta Spain moo a neng a e-na le internship le Lekhotla la Naha la Lipatlisiso la Spain le sebetsang Sehlopheng sa bona sa Economics Environmental. Lehlabuleng lena Luka o sebelitse e le Conservation Intern for The Nature Conservancy a etsa taolo ea mobu le botsamaisi. E moholo Kolecheng ea Middlebury, Luke o ithutela Conservation Biology le Environmental Studies le ngoana e monyenyane ea buang Sepanishe, 'me o tšepa ho fumana mosebetsi oa nakong e tlang oa paballo ea leoatle.