Okungapheliyo okungaziwayo: i-Climate Geoengineering

Ukophula iMozulu yeGeoengineering iCandelo loku-1

Icandelo 2: Ukususwa kwe-Ocean Carbon Dioxide
Icandelo 3: Ukuguqulwa kweSolar Radiation
Icandelo 4: Ukuqwalaselwa kweNdlela yoBulungisa, uBulungisa kunye noBulungisa

Iplanethi iyafumana kufutshane nangakumbi ukugqitha kummiselo wemozulu yehlabathi wokunciphisa ubushushu beplanethi ngokubanzi nge-2℃. Ngenxa yoku, kuye kwakho ujoliso olwandisiweyo kwi-geoengineering yemozulu, kunye neendlela zokususa ikharbon diokside zibandakanyiwe uninzi lweemeko ze-IPCC.

Masixhase: Yintoni iClimate Geoengineering?

Ubunjineli bemozulu yi ukusebenzisana ngabom kwabantu nemozulu yoMhlaba ngeenzame zokubuyisela umva, ukumisa, okanye ukunciphisa iimpembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu. Ikwaziwa njengongenelelo lwemozulu okanye ubunjineli bemozulu, imozulu izama ukwenza ukunciphisa amaqondo obushushu ehlabathi ngokuguqulwa kwemitha yelanga okanye ukunciphisa i-atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) ngokubamba nokugcina CO₂ elwandle okanye emhlabeni.

Ukungxamiseka malunga nengxaki yemozulu kukhokelele kuphando kunye nenyathelo malunga nobunjineli bemozulu - nangaphandle kolawulo olusebenzayo.

Iiprojekthi zobunjineli bemozulu ziya kuba neziphumo zexesha elide kwiplanethi, kwaye zifuna a ikhowudi yokuziphatha yenzululwazi kunye neyokuziphatha. Ezi projekthi ziya kuchaphazela umhlaba, ulwandle, umoya, nabo bonke abaxhomekeke kobu butyebi.

Ukungxamela kwiindlela zobunjineli bemozulu ngaphandle kokubona kwangaphambili kunokubangela ingozi engalindelekanga nengenakulungiseka kwindalo iphela. Kwezinye iimeko, iiprojekthi ze-climate geoengineering zinokujika inzuzo nokuba iyimpumelelo yeprojekthi (umzekelo ngokuthengisa iikhredithi kwiiprojekthi ezingavunywanga nezingavumelekanga ngaphandle kwelayisensi yoluntu), ukudala inkuthazo enokuthi ingahambelani nokujoliswe kuko kwemozulu yehlabathi. Njengoko uluntu lwehlabathi luphanda iiprojekthi zobunjineli bemozulu, ukudibanisa nokujongana neenkxalabo zabathathi-nxaxheba kwinkqubo kufuneka kubekwe phambili.

Okungaziwayo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho zeeprojekthi zobunjineli bemozulu zigxininisa imfuneko yokungafihli kunye nokuphendula. Kuba uninzi lwezi projekthi zisehlabathini lonke, kufuneka zibekwe iliso kwaye zifezekise impembelelo elungileyo enokungqinwa ngelixa zilinganisa ukwehla kunye neendleko - ukuqinisekisa ubulungisa kunye nokufikelela.

okwangoku, iiprojekthi ezininzi zikwinqanaba lovavanyo, kunye neemodeli zifuna ukuqinisekiswa ngaphambi kokuphunyezwa okukhulu ukunciphisa okungaziwayo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ukulingwa kolwandle kunye nezifundo kwiiprojekthi ze-geoengineering yemozulu zithintelwe ngenxa yobunzima bokubeka iliso kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwempumelelo yeeprojekthi ezifana izinga kunye nesigxina sokususwa kwe-carbon dioxide. Ukuphuhliswa komgaqo wokuziphatha kunye nemigangatho kubalulekile kwizisombululo ezilinganayo kwintlekele yemozulu, ukubeka phambili ubulungisa bendalo esingqongileyo kunye nokukhuselwa kwemithombo yendalo.

Iiprojekthi zobunjineli bemozulu zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili.

Ezi ndidi zi ukususwa kwecarbon dioxide (CDR) kunye nokuguqulwa kwemitha yelanga (SRM, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-solar radiation management okanye i-solar geoengineering). I-CDR igxile kutshintsho lwemozulu kunye nobushushu behlabathi ngokwembono yerhasi yegreenhouse (GHG). Iiprojekthi zikhangela iindlela zoku ukunciphisa i-carbon dioxide okwangoku kwi-atmosfera kwaye uyigcine kwiindawo ezifana nezityalo, ukubunjwa kwamatye, okanye umhlaba ngeenkqubo zendalo kunye nezobunjineli. Ezi projekthi zinokwahlulwa zibe yi-CDR esekwe elwandle (ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-marine okanye i-mCDR) kunye ne-CDR esekwe emhlabeni, kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nendawo yokugcina i-carbon dioxide.

I-SRM ijolise ekufudumaleni kwehlabathi kubushushu nakwimbono yemitha yelanga. Iiprojekthi ze-SRM zijonge ukulawula indlela ilanga elidibana ngayo nomhlaba ngokubonakalisa okanye ukukhulula ukukhanya kwelanga. Iiprojekthi zijolise ekunciphiseni ukukhanya kwelanga okungena kwi-atmosfera, nto leyo enciphisa ubushushu bomhlaba.

Kwiiblogi ezilandelayo kolu ngcelele, siya kuhlela iiprojekthi zobunjineli bemozulu zibe ziindidi ezintathu, sihlela iprojekthi nganye "njengendalo," "indalo ephuculweyo," okanye "imishini kunye neekhemikhali".

Ukuba zidityaniswe nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwerhasi yegreenhouse, iiprojekthi zobunjineli bemozulu zinamandla okunceda uluntu lwehlabathi ukunciphisa iimpembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokuguqulwa kwemozulu yexesha elide zihlala zingaziwa kwaye zinamandla okusongela i-ecosystem yeplanethi yethu kunye nendlela thina, njengabachaphazelekayo boMhlaba, sisebenzisana neplanethi. Ibhlog yokugqibela kolu ngcelele, I-Climate Geoengineering kunye noLwandle lwethu: Ukuqwalasela iNdlela yoBulungisa, uBulungisa kunye noBulungisa, ibalaselisa imimandla apho ukulingana kunye nobulungisa ziye zagxila kule ncoko kumsebenzi odlulileyo we-TOF, kwaye apho ezi ngxoxo kufuneka ziqhubeke njengoko sisebenzela kwikhowudi yokuziphatha eqondwayo neyamkelekileyo yehlabathi kwiiprojekthi ze-geoengineering yemozulu.

Inzululwazi kunye nobulungisa zithuthelene kwintlekele yemozulu kwaye zijongwa kakuhle ngokudibeneyo. Lo mmandla omtsha wokufunda kufuneka ukhokelwe ngumgaqo wokuziphatha ophakamisa iinkxalabo zabo bonke abachaphazelekayo ukuze bafumane indlela elinganayo eya phambili. 

Ubunjineli bemozulu benza izithembiso ezihehayo, kodwa zenza izoyikiso zokwenyani ukuba asizithatheli ngqalelo iimpembelelo zayo zexesha elide, ukuqinisekiswa, ukukaleka, kunye nobulungisa.