Kuputsa Climate Geoengineering Chikamu 4

Chikamu 1: Zvisingaperi Zvisingazivikanwe
Chikamu 2: Ocean Carbon Dioxide Removal
Chikamu 3: Kugadziriswa kweSolar Radiation

Iwo tekinoroji uye ehutsika kusagadzikana kwakatenderedza mamiriro ekunze geoengineering akawanda mune ese ari maviri kubvisa carbon dioxide uye kushandura mwaranzi yezuva mapurojekiti. Nepo mamiriro ekunze geoengineering aona kusundidzira kuchangoburwa kune yakawedzera zvisikwa uye zvemagetsi uye zvemakemikari mapurojekiti, kushaikwa kwetsvakiridzo pamusoro pezvinorehwa nehunhu hwemapurojekiti aya chikonzero chekunetseka. Natural Ocean mamiriro ekunze geoengineering mapurojekiti ari kutarisana nekuongororwa kwakafanana, zvichiwedzera kudiwa kwekuyedza kukoshesa kuenzana, tsika uye kururamisira mukuderedza kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Kuburikidza neBlue Resilience Initiative neEquiSea, TOF yakashanda yakanangana nechinangwa ichi nekugadzira zvigadziriso zvechisikigo zvekusimudzira kugadzikana kwemamiriro ekunze, kuvaka hunyanzvi hwesainzi yegungwa netsvagiridzo, nekufananidza zvinodiwa nenharaunda dzenharaunda dzemahombekombe.

Kuchengetedza uye kudzoreredza kwebhuruu kabhoni: Iyo Blue Resilience Initiative

TOF's Blue Resilience Initiative (BRI) yakagadzira uye kuita mapurojekiti ekugadzirisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze ekubatsira nharaunda dzemahombekombe. Mapurojekiti eBRI anoshanda mukudzoreredza nekusimudzira kugadzirwa kwemahombekombe ecosystem, achitsigira kubviswa kwemuchadenga uye yegungwa carbon dioxide. Chirongwa ichi chakanangana nekuvandudzwa kwehuswa hwemugungwa, mangrove, madhaka emunyu, sora remugungwa nemakorari. Aya ane hutano emahombekombe ebhuruu kabhoni ecosystems anofungidzirwa kuchengetedza kusvika 10 nguva yakawanda yekabhoni pahekita zvine chekuita nemhoteredzo yemasango epasi. Iyo CDR inogoneka yeaya masikirwo akavakirwa mhinduro akakwira, asi chero kukanganisa kana kuderedzwa kweaya masisitimu anogona kuburitsa yakawanda kabhoni yakachengetwa ichidzokera kumhepo.

Kupfuura kudzoreredza uye kurima kwechisikigo kwakavakirwa kabhoni dhaidhirosi mapurojekiti ekubvisa, BRI neTOF yakatarisana nekugovana kugona uye kusimudzira kururamisira uye kuenzana mukusimudzira hupfumi hwebhuruu. Kubva pakuita mutemo kuenda kukuendesa tekinoroji uye kudzidziswa, BRI inoshanda kusimudzira zvakasikwa zvemahombekombe ecosystem uye nharaunda dzinovimba nazvo. Uku kusanganiswa kwekubatana uye kubatanidzwa kwakakosha kuona kuti manzwi evose vanobatanidzwa anonzwika uye abatanidzwa muhurongwa hwekuita, kunyanya zvirongwa zvakaita semapurojekiti emamiriro ekunze geoengineering anovavarira kukonzeresa pasi rose. Hurukuro yazvino yemamiriro ekunze geoengineering haina kutarisisa pahunhu uye zvinogona kuitika zvekuvandudzwa kwechisikigo uye makemikari uye mekiniki mamiriro ekunze geoengineering mapurojekiti.

EquiSea: Kusvika pakugoverwa kwakaenzana kwekutsvaga kwegungwa

Kuzvipira kweTOF kune yegungwa kuenzana kunoenderera mberi kweBlue Resilience Initiative uye yakagadziridzwa kuita EquiSea, chirongwa cheTOF yakatsaurirwa kugovera kwakaenzana kwesainzi yegungwa kugona. Sainzi inotsigirwa uye inotungamirwa nesainzi, EquiSea ine chinangwa chekutsigira mapurojekiti uye kuronga zviitiko zvekuvaka kugona kwegungwa. Sezvo kutsvagisa uye tekinoroji ichiwedzera munzvimbo yemamiriro ekunze geoengineering nzvimbo, kuve nechokwadi chekuwana kwakaenzana kunoda kuve chinhu chakakosha kuvatungamiriri vezvematongerwo enyika neindasitiri, vanoisa mari, maNGOs, uye vedzidzo. 

Kutonga kwegungwa uye kuenda kune kodhi yemaitiro emamiriro ekunze geoengineering anofunga nezvegungwa

TOF yave ichishanda pamusoro pemakungwa uye nyaya dzekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kubvira 1990. TOF inogara ichitumira veruzhinji kurudzi rwenyika, pasi penyika, uye nepasi rose ichikurudzira kufunga nezvemakungwa, uye kuenzana, munhaurirano dzese nezve geoengineering yemamiriro ekunze pamwe nekudaidza geoengineering. bumbiro remitemo. TOF inopa zano kuNational Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) nezve geoengineering policy, uye ndiye ega chipangamazano wemakungwa kune maviri egungwa-centric mari yekudyara ine yakasanganiswa $720m muzvinhu zviri pasi pemaneja. TOF chikamu chemubatanidzwa wekucheka-cheka wemasangano ekuchengetedza gungwa achitsvaga zvakaenzana uye nzira dzinoshanda dzekutaurirana kudiwa kwekuchenjerera, uye nehanya negungwa, kana uchifunga nezvemamiriro ekunze geoengineering sarudzo.

Sezvo tsvakiridzo yemamiriro ekunze geoengineering ichienda kumberi, TOF inotsigira uye inokurudzira kuvandudzwa kwesainzi uye tsika kodhi yemafambiro ezvese mamiriro ekunze geoengineering mapurojekiti, ane yakananga uye yakasarudzika yakatarisana negungwa. TOF yakashanda neAspen Institute kune yakasimba uye yakasimba nhungamiro pamakungwa CDR mapurojekiti, ichikurudzira kuvandudzwa kwekodhi yemaitiro emamiriro ekunze geoengineering mapurojekiti, uye ichaita kuti iongorore peer ongororo yeAspen Institute draft kodhi gare gare gore rino. Iyi kodhi yekuzvibata inofanirwa kukurudzira kutsvagisa nekusimudzira mapurojekiti mukukurukurirana nevanogona kukanganisa vanobatanidzwa, vachipa dzidzo nerutsigiro rwezvakasiyana siyana zvezvirongwa zvakadaro. Mvumo yemahara, isati yasvika, uye ine ruzivo pamusoro pekodzero yekuramba kune vane chekuita nemamiriro ekunze ichaona kuti chero mapurojekiti emamiriro ekunze geoengineering anoshanda pachena uye anovavarira kuenzana. Kodhi yekuzvibata inodiwa kune zvakanakisa mhedzisiro kubva kunhaurirano dzakatenderedza mamiriro ekunze geoengineering kusvika pakuvandudzwa kwemapurojekiti.

Kunyura mumhepo yegungwa geoengineering isingazivikanwe

Hurukuro dzakatenderedza gungwa remamiriro ekunze geoengineering, tekinoroji, uye hutongi huchiri hutsva, nehurumende, varatidziri, uye vanobata pasi rese vari kushanda kuti vanzwisise nuances. Nepo tekinoroji nyowani, nzira dzekubvisa kabhoni dhiobhori, uye mapurojekiti ekudzora mwaranzi yezuva zviri kuongororwa, masevhisi eecosystem ayo gungwa nenzvimbo dzaro zvinopa kupasi nevanhu hazvifanirwe kurerutswa kana kukanganwa. TOF neBRI vari kushanda kudzoreredza zvipenyu zvemumhenderekedzo yegungwa uye kutsigira nharaunda dzenzvimbo, vachikoshesa kuenzana, kubatanidzwa kwevatori vechikamu, uye kururamisira kwezvakatipoteredza nhanho imwe neimwe yenzira. Chirongwa cheEquiSea chinosimudzira kuzvipira uku kururamisiro uye chinosimbisa chishuwo chenharaunda yesainzi yepasi rose yekuwedzera kuwanikwa uye kubuda pachena kuitira kusimudzira pasi. Mamiriro ekunze geoengineering regulation uye hutongi hunoda kubatanidza ava vatengesi vakuru mukodhi yemaitiro kune chero mapurojekiti. 

Mazwi Akakosha

Natural Climate Geoengineering: Zvirongwa zvechisikigo (zvakasikwa-zvakavakirwa mhinduro kana NbS) zvinotsamira pane ecosystem-yakavakirwa maitiro uye mabasa anoitika nekugumira kana kusapindira kwevanhu. Kupindira kwakadaro kunowanzo kugumira pakusima miti, kudzoreredza kana kuchengetedza zvipenyu.

Yakanatsiridzwa Natural Climate Geoengineering: Mapurojekiti echisikigo akakwenenzverwa anotsamira pane ecosystem-based maitiro uye mabasa, asi anotsigirwa neyakagadzirwa uye yenguva dzose kupindira kwevanhu kuwedzera kugona kwechisikigo kukwevera pasi kabhoni dioxide kana kugadzirisa chiedza chezuva, sekupomba zvinovaka muviri mugungwa kumanikidza algal blooms izvo zvinozoita. kutora kabhoni.

Mechanical uye Chemical Climate Geoengineering: Mechanical uye makemikari geoengineered mapurojekiti anovimba nekupindira kwevanhu uye tekinoroji. Aya mapurojekiti anoshandisa maitiro emuviri kana emakemikari kuita shanduko inodiwa.

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