Har yanzu yana da ƙarfi sosai? Zanga-zangar, Muryoyin 'Yan Asalin, da Harkar Kasuwanci don DSM a Tarukan ISA na Maris 2024

Tawagar Deep Seabed Mining (DSM) ta Gidauniyar Ocean Foundation ta yi farin cikin sake shiga cikin tarurrukan Hukumar Kula da Teku ta Duniya (ISA) a Kingston, Jamaica. Ana ci gaba da tattaunawa, kuma duk da hadin gwiwar da ake yi, har yanzu ba a kammala ka'idojin ba, tare da ra'ayoyi mabambanta kan muhimman batutuwa da ke hana cimma matsaya kan muhimman batutuwa. An sake duba takwarorinsu takarda wanda aka buga a cikin Janairu 2024 ya gano cewa manyan batutuwa 30 a cikin ƙa'idodin ISA sun kasance masu ban mamaki kuma kwanan wata manufa ta ISA don kammala ƙa'idodin a cikin 2025 ba gaskiya bane. Tattaunawar ta ci gaba da gudana a ƙarƙashin kallon Kamfanin Metals (TMC) yana ƙaddamar da aikace-aikacen don hakar ma'adinai na kasuwanci kafin a gama ka'idojin. 

A ranar 22 ga Maris, duk yammacin rana ya ƙunshi tattaunawa kan 'yancin yin zanga-zangar, sakamakon jerin takardu da Sakatare-Janar ya biyo baya. Zanga-zangar lumana ta Greenpeace a teku da Kamfanin Metals. Sakatare-Janar ya kasance - ba a saba ba - bai halarci tattaunawar ba, amma kasashe membobin ISA 30, kasashe da suka amince da bin tanadin yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan dokar teku, sun shiga tattaunawar, tare da babban rinjaye kai tsaye. tabbatar da ‘yancin yin zanga-zanga, kamar yadda aka tabbatar ta hanyar hukuncin Kotun Dutch na Nuwamba 30, 2023. Kamar yadda wani wanda aka amince da shi Observer Kungiyar, The Ocean Foundation ta shiga tsakani don yin taka tsantsan cewa zanga-zangar a cikin teku ɗaya ce kawai daga cikin nau'ikan adawa da yawa masu kawo cikas da tsada waɗanda duk wanda ke bi, ba da tallafi, ko ba da kuɗin haƙar ma'adinai na teku zai iya sa ran ci gaba.  

A ranar 22 ga Maris, duk yammacin rana ya ƙunshi tattaunawa kan 'yancin yin zanga-zangar, sakamakon jerin takardu da Sakatare-Janar ya biyo baya. Zanga-zangar lumana ta Greenpeace a teku da Kamfanin Metals. Sakatare-Janar ya kasance - ba a saba ba - bai halarci tattaunawar ba, amma kasashe membobin ISA 30, kasashe da suka amince da bin tanadin yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan dokar teku, sun shiga tattaunawar, tare da babban rinjaye kai tsaye. tabbatar da ‘yancin yin zanga-zanga, kamar yadda aka tabbatar ta hanyar hukuncin Kotun Dutch na Nuwamba 30, 2023. Kamar yadda wani wanda aka amince da shi Observer Kungiyar, The Ocean Foundation ta shiga tsakani don yin taka tsantsan cewa zanga-zangar a cikin teku ɗaya ce kawai daga cikin nau'ikan adawa da yawa masu kawo cikas da tsada waɗanda duk wanda ke bi, ba da tallafi, ko ba da kuɗin haƙar ma'adinai na teku zai iya sa ran ci gaba.  

A ranar 25 ga Maris, jagoranmu na DSM, Bobbi-Jo Dobush, ya halarci taron taron kan “Sabuwar Kan Abubuwan Batirin Motar Lantarki, Sake Amfani da Tattalin Arziki Na DSM.” Bobbi-Jo ya tambaya Farashin DSM, Yin la'akari da cewa farashi mai yawa, kalubale na fasaha, ci gaban kudi, da sababbin abubuwa sun raunana yiwuwar samun riba, suna tayar da tambayoyi masu mahimmanci game da ikon kamfanonin hakar ma'adinai don gyara lalacewar muhalli ko samar da duk wani komawa zuwa Ƙasashen Tallafawa. Taron ya sami mahalarta 90 daga wakilai sama da 25 na ƙasa da Sakatariyar ISA. Mahalarta da yawa sun bayyana cewa ba a taɓa gabatar da irin wannan bayanin a cikin wani taron tattaunawa a ISA ba. 

Tun lokacin zaman ISA na ƙarshe a cikin Nuwamba, muna ci gaba da aiki 'intersessionally' don haɓaka kariyar haɗin al'adu zuwa teku, gami da ta hanyar manufar Abubuwan al'adun gargajiya na karkashin ruwa, na zahiri da maras amfani. An shirya wani zama kan abubuwan tarihi da ba a taɓa gani ba don wani taro na “na yau da kullun” wanda ba zai ƙyale duk wanda ba ya wakiltar wata ƙasa ya yi magana, don haka ban da muryoyin ƴan asalin ƙasar da ke shiga tattaunawa a kan wakilan ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu (NGO), da dai sauransu. To sai dai kuma irin wannan tarukan da ake yi a halin yanzu ya kare, saboda kasashe da kungiyoyin farar hula sun nuna rashin amincewarsu da irin wannan salon aiki. A cikin gajeren zaman da aka yi na tsawon sa'o'i, kasashe da dama sun shiga tattaunawa a karon farko, inda suka tattauna batun 'yancin ba da izini na 'Yanci, Tun da farko, da kuma Informed (FPIC), abubuwan tarihi da suka hana 'yan asalin yankin shiga, da kuma tambaya mai amfani ta yadda za a kare al'adu maras tushe. gado.

Muna sa ran zaman ISA na Yuli, wanda ya ƙunshi tarukan majalisa da na majalisa (ƙarin yadda ISA ke aiki za a iya samu. nan). Manyan batutuwan za su hada da zaben babban Sakatare na wa'adi mai zuwa. 

Kasashe da dama sun ce ba zai amince da tsarin aiki nawa ba ba tare da kammala ka'idojin amfani da DSM ba. Majalisar ISA, hukumar da ke da alhakin yanke shawara, ta yanke shawarwari guda biyu ta hanyar yarjejeniya, inda ta bayyana cewa ba za a amince da wani shirin aiki ba tare da ka'idoji ba. 

A kan kiran masu saka hannun jari na kamfanin a ranar 25 ga Maris, 2024, Shugaban Kamfanin ya tabbatar wa masu saka hannun jari yana tsammanin fara nodule (yawan ma'adinan da ke ƙarƙashin manufa) hakar ma'adinai a farkon kwata na 2026, yana mai tabbatar da cewa yana da niyyar ƙaddamar da aikace-aikacen biyo bayan zaman Yuli 2024. Ganin cewa tattaunawar kwanan nan a ISA an mayar da hankali sosai kan hana hakar ma'adinai ba tare da ka'idoji ba, ba ko yin hakan ba, duk wani kamfani da ke ƙoƙarin "tilasta" Ƙasashen ISA don aiwatar da aikace-aikacen sa zuwa nawa idan babu ƙa'idodi zai iya zama takaici.